Interventions to Promote Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) frequently present with feeding challenges that can lead to inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption, which can increase their risk of nutritional deficiencies and related health issues. The aim of this scoping review was to describe the main interventions focused on promoting fruit and vegetable consumption in children with NDDs.

METHODS

Two authors carried out a search strategy in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and PsycINFO using the following terms: "autism OR autistic OR asperger OR rett OR pervasive OR disintegrative OR 'neurodevelopmental disorder' OR 'attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity'"; and the outcome (O): "fruit OR vegetable". We included all randomized or non-randomized studies, published in English or Spanish, which assessed children's fruit and vegetable consumption.

RESULTS

We included seven articles that applied different interventions, such as a mobile health and behavioral modification program ( = 1), repeated food exposure programs ( = 2), a play-based program with parental training ( = 1); the implementation of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet ( = 1); an intensive interdisciplinary mealtime behavioral treatment ( = 1); and restrictive diets ( = 1).

CONCLUSIONS

Parent-led behavior changes supported by multidisciplinary teams using play, positive reinforcement, and food modification strategies were the main interventions used to increase fruit and vegetable consumption in children with NDDs. This review supports designing evidence-based approaches to improve feeding challenges in this population.