Grasa-Ciria Diego, Couto Sergio, Samatán Eva, Martínez-Jarreta Begoña, Cenit María Del Carmen, Iguacel Isabel
Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Nutrients. 2025 Sep 7;17(17):2894. doi: 10.3390/nu17172894.
: Shift work, especially during nighttime hours, disrupts the circadian system and is linked to higher rates of metabolic, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and neurocognitive disorders. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota may mediate these associations. This systematic review assessed whether shift work alters gut microbiota composition and explored potential health consequences. : A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect from inception to March 2025. Studies reporting gut microbiota alterations in adult shift workers were included. Two reviewers independently screened articles and extracted data. Risk of bias was assessed using the NIH Quality Assessment Tool and the ROBINS-E framework. Five studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final synthesis. : The selected studies comprised four observational investigations with small sample sizes and one Mendelian randomization study leveraging large-scale genetic datasets. Observational studies reported reduced α-diversity and increased relative abundance of pro-inflammatory genera-including /, , and -in night shift workers. These microbiota alterations were associated with gastrointestinal complaints and indicators of cardiometabolic dysfunction. The Mendelian randomization study provided preliminary evidence supporting a causal relationship between circadian misalignment, gut dysbiosis, and increased cardiovascular risk. : Shift work is associated with significant alterations in gut microbiota composition that may contribute to adverse health outcomes. However, current evidence is limited and heterogeneous, preventing firm causal conclusions. Further high-quality longitudinal and interventional research is needed to clarify underlying mechanisms and inform preventive strategies.
轮班工作，尤其是夜间轮班，会扰乱昼夜节律系统，并与更高的代谢、胃肠道、心血管和神经认知疾病发生率相关。新出现的证据表明，肠道微生物群可能介导了这些关联。本系统评价评估了轮班工作是否会改变肠道微生物群组成，并探讨了潜在的健康后果。：从数据库建立至2025年3月，在PubMed、Scopus和ScienceDirect数据库中进行了系统检索。纳入了报告成年轮班工作者肠道微生物群改变的研究。两名评审员独立筛选文章并提取数据。使用美国国立卫生研究院质量评估工具和ROBINS-E框架评估偏倚风险。五项研究符合纳入标准并被纳入最终综合分析。：所选研究包括四项样本量较小的观察性调查和一项利用大规模遗传数据集的孟德尔随机化研究。观察性研究报告称，夜班工作者的α多样性降低，促炎菌属（包括/、和）的相对丰度增加。这些微生物群改变与胃肠道不适和心脏代谢功能障碍指标相关。孟德尔随机化研究提供了初步证据，支持昼夜节律失调、肠道菌群失调与心血管风险增加之间的因果关系。：轮班工作与肠道微生物群组成的显著改变有关，这可能导致不良健康后果。然而，目前的证据有限且存在异质性，无法得出确凿的因果结论。需要进一步开展高质量的纵向和干预性研究，以阐明潜在机制并为预防策略提供依据。
