Anker-Petersen Charlotte, Clausen Mikkel Bek, Juul-Kristensen Birgit, Hölmich Per, Juhl Carsten Bogh, Thorborg Kristian
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sports Orthopedic Research Center-Copenhagen, Amager-Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark.
Department of Midwifery, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy and Psychomotor Therapy, Faculty of Health, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2025 Sep;35(9):e70135. doi: 10.1111/sms.70135.
Team gymnastics (TeamGym), a sport primarily practiced by girls/women, has rapidly gained popularity among adolescents. Despite a high pain prevalence among gymnasts, comprehensive epidemiological studies on injuries are lacking. This study aimed to investigate injury incidence rates, both overall and by body region including information on time-loss and non-time-loss injuries, type and severity, in competitive TeamGym gymnasts aged 10-30 years. During a 10-month season (August 2021-June 2022), a cohort of 474 gymnasts (73% women) was prospectively followed through weekly text-message queries on injuries, time-loss (partial or full absence from training/competition due to an injury), and gymnastic training and competition exposure. Injuries were verified and categorized through standardized telephone interviews. An injury with reported time-loss of ≥ 4 calendar weeks was classified as severe. Incidence rates were calculated using Generalized Poisson regression. Totally 1382 injuries were recorded, and the overall incidence rate was 14.7 injuries per 1000 h of exposure (95% CI: 13.3-16.3) with an incidence rate of 14.0 for women and 17.2 for men. The foot (24.5%), knee (22.0%), lower leg (10.4%), and lower back (10.4%) were the most frequently injured regions overall in both sexes, and > 60% of the injuries were due to overuse. Incidence rate for severe injuries was 0.5 (95% CI: 0.4-0.7), which predominantly included injuries to the foot/heel (32%), lower back (21%), and knee (19%). The injury incidence rate in TeamGym is high, with three-quarters of injuries being non-time-loss, and nearly two-thirds caused by overuse. Over half of all injuries affected the feet, knees, and lower back across both sexes.
团体体操（TeamGym）主要是一项女子运动，在青少年中迅速普及。尽管体操运动员中疼痛发生率很高，但缺乏关于损伤的全面流行病学研究。本研究旨在调查10至30岁的竞技团体体操运动员的损伤发生率，包括整体和按身体部位的发生率，以及关于误工和非误工损伤、类型和严重程度的信息。在一个为期10个月的赛季（2021年8月至2022年6月）中，对474名体操运动员（73%为女性）进行了前瞻性跟踪，通过每周短信询问损伤情况、误工情况（因伤部分或完全缺席训练/比赛）以及体操训练和比赛暴露情况。通过标准化电话访谈核实并分类损伤情况。报告误工时间≥4个日历周的损伤被分类为严重损伤。使用广义泊松回归计算发生率。共记录了1382例损伤，总体发生率为每1000小时暴露14.7例损伤（95%置信区间：13.3 - 16.3），女性发生率为14.0，男性为17.2。足部（24.5%）、膝盖（22.0%）、小腿（10.4%）和下背部（10.4%）是男女总体上最常受伤的部位，超过60%的损伤是由于过度使用造成的。严重损伤的发生率为0.5（95%置信区间：0.4 - 0.7），主要包括足部/足跟损伤（32%）、下背部损伤（21%）和膝盖损伤（19%）。团体体操中的损伤发生率很高，四分之三的损伤为非误工损伤，近三分之二是由过度使用造成的。所有损伤中有超过一半影响了男女的足部、膝盖和下背部。
