Igreja Sandra, Teles Soraia, Paúl Constança
RISE-Health, Department of Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal.
Front Psychol. 2025 Aug 29;16:1651086. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1651086. eCollection 2025.
In light of global demographic changes, sustainable solutions promoting active and healthy aging are crucial. Crafts, besides preserving cultural heritage, offer a meaningful occupation. Barcelos (Portugal), a UNESCO Creative City of Crafts and Folk Art, stands out for its strong craft activity, predominantly by older artisans. However, studies addressing their profiles, family transmission dynamics, and craftsmanship as an example of active aging are lacking, which this study aims to explore. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted, with primary data collection through on-site questionnaires at the ateliers. A non-probability sample of older artisans (aged 55 or older) from different craft sectors was recruited. The participants ( = 55) were mostly male (60%, = 33), with a mean age of 67.5 years (SD = 8.02) and 6.4 years of formal education (SD = 3.32). They worked across eight craft and folk art sectors, with the Imagery sector being the most represented (52.7%). A weekly average of 51 h (SD = 17.05) dedicated to the activity was reported. Most participants started in crafts before the age of 20 (76.3%; = 42), and 60% ( = 33) continued the craft activity after retirement. The activity was transmitted by family members from previous generations (63.6%; = 35), and 70.9% ( = 39) had family members involved in the activity; among those practicing the craft with other or same-generation relatives ( = 34), 58.8% engaged in the craft with collateral or affinal relatives. Most artisans reported that the activity began in the family three or more generations ago and dates to the 19th century. This study makes an original contribution to gerontological research, highlighting craftsmanship as an example of active and productive aging. It informs public policy discussions supporting older artisans, fostering intergenerational craft transmission, family business sustainability, and cultural heritage preservation.
鉴于全球人口结构的变化，推广积极健康老龄化的可持续解决方案至关重要。手工艺除了能保护文化遗产外，还提供了一种有意义的职业。葡萄牙的巴塞卢什是联合国教科文组织认定的手工艺与民间艺术创意城市，其活跃的手工艺活动十分突出，主要参与者为年长的工匠。然而，针对他们的个人情况、家族传承动态以及作为积极老龄化范例的手工艺技能的研究尚属空白，本研究旨在对此进行探索。我们开展了一项观察性横断面研究，通过在工坊现场发放问卷收集原始数据。我们招募了来自不同手工艺领域的年长工匠（年龄在55岁及以上）作为非概率样本。参与者（n = 55）大多为男性（60%，n = 33），平均年龄为67.5岁（标准差 = 8.02），接受过6.4年的正规教育（标准差 = 3.32）。他们从事八个手工艺和民间艺术领域的工作，其中意象领域的人数最多（52.7%）。据报告，他们每周平均投入该活动51小时（标准差 = 17.05）。大多数参与者在20岁之前就开始从事手工艺（76.3%；n = 42），60%（n = 33）在退休后仍继续从事该手工艺活动。这项活动是由上一代家庭成员传承下来的（63.6%；n = 35），70.9%（n = 39）的参与者有家庭成员参与该活动；在与其他或同代亲属一起从事该手工艺的人中（n = 34），58.8%是与旁系或姻亲亲属一起从事。大多数工匠表示，这项活动始于三代或更早以前的家族，可追溯到19世纪。本研究为老年学研究做出了原创性贡献，突出了手工艺作为积极且富有成效的老龄化范例。它为支持年长工匠的公共政策讨论提供了参考，促进了代际手工艺传承、家族企业可持续发展以及文化遗产保护。
