Xu Zhigang, Ma Ya, Ning Huang, Jia Shuli, Zhang Gongchang, Xia Xin, Hu Fengjuan, Ge Meiling, Liu Xiaolei, Dong Birong
The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Aug 28;13:1539729. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1539729. eCollection 2025.
Sarcopenia not only leads to impaired physical function but also may be associated with changes in sleep and mental health as individuals age. Research on the relationships between sleep disorders, anxiety, and depression and adult-onset sarcopenia is limited, however, with no reports of the associations between them and different severity of sarcopenia. The objective of this research endeavor is to investigate the associations between sarcopenia and sleep disturbances, anxiety, as well as depression, within a multi-ethnic population in western China.
We conducted a cross-sectional study consisting of 4,500 participants from the WCHAT study. The diagnostic method recommended by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia in 2019 was used to screen for sarcopenia. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7), and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) were used to assess sleep quality, anxiety, and depression, respectively. The relationships among sleep, anxiety, depression, and the different sarcopenia subgroups were evaluated by using multivariate regression models. In addition, subgroup of gender analysis were performed.
Among the 4,500 participants surveyed in the western region of China, 408 (9.06%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia and 618 (13.73%) with severe sarcopenia. A total of 2,515 individuals (55.88%) had poor sleep quality, while 842 (18.71%) suffered from anxiety, and 1,045 (23.22%) had depression. Good sleeping quality were negatively associated with severe sarcopenia (OR: 0.80, 95%CI 0.66-0.97) in model 1, whereas depression was positively associated with severe sarcopenia in three models (model 1: OR: 1.39, 95%CI 1.13-1.71; model 2: OR: 1.46, 95%CI 1.16-1.85; model 3: OR: 1.43, 95%CI 1.13-1.81). However, anxiety status was not associated with sarcopenia in our study.
It was found that good sleep quality were negatively associated with severe sarcopenia, and depression was positively associated with severe sarcopenia. These findings suggested that early intervention in sleep quality and depression may be one of the effective strategies to delay or reduce the severity of sarcopenia.
https://www.chictr.org.cn/, identifier ChiCTR1800018895.
随着个体年龄增长，肌肉减少症不仅会导致身体功能受损，还可能与睡眠和心理健康的变化有关。然而，关于睡眠障碍、焦虑和抑郁与成人起病型肌肉减少症之间关系的研究有限，且尚无关于它们与不同严重程度肌肉减少症之间关联的报道。本研究旨在调查中国西部多民族人群中肌肉减少症与睡眠障碍、焦虑以及抑郁之间的关联。
我们进行了一项横断面研究，纳入了来自西部社区健康与衰老追踪调查（WCHAT）研究的4500名参与者。采用2019年亚洲肌肉减少症工作组推荐的诊断方法筛查肌肉减少症。分别使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、7项广泛性焦虑障碍问卷（GAD - 7）和15项老年抑郁量表（GDS - 15）评估睡眠质量、焦虑和抑郁情况。通过多元回归模型评估睡眠、焦虑、抑郁与不同肌肉减少症亚组之间的关系。此外，还进行了性别亚组分析。
在中国西部地区接受调查的4500名参与者中，408人（9.06%）被诊断为肌肉减少症，618人（13.73%）被诊断为严重肌肉减少症。共有2515人（55.88%）睡眠质量差，842人（18.71%）患有焦虑症，1045人（23.22%）患有抑郁症。在模型1中，良好的睡眠质量与严重肌肉减少症呈负相关（OR：0.80，95%CI 0.66 - 0.97），而在三个模型中，抑郁症与严重肌肉减少症呈正相关（模型1：OR：1.39，95%CI 1.13 - 1.71；模型2：OR：1.46，95%CI 1.16 - 1.85；模型3：OR：1.43，95%CI 1.13 - 1.81）。然而，在我们的研究中，焦虑状态与肌肉减少症无关。
研究发现，良好的睡眠质量与严重肌肉减少症呈负相关，抑郁症与严重肌肉减少症呈正相关。这些发现表明，早期干预睡眠质量和抑郁症可能是延缓或减轻肌肉减少症严重程度的有效策略之一。
