Canala Benedetta, Frazzini Sara, Dell'Anno Matteo, Santoru Matteo, Ferri Irene, Sparvoli Francesca, Luciani Lucrezia, Castiglioni Bianca, Cremonesi Paola, Biscarini Filippo, Ghidoli Martina, Pilu Roberto, Rossi Luciana
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - DIVAS, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy.
Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milan, Italy.
Vet Med Sci. 2025 Sep;11(5):e70597. doi: 10.1002/vms3.70597.
Genetically modified soybean is largely used in animal feed and its massive cultivation affects the environmental sustainability of livestock and the dependency for the import in the European market.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the partial substitution of soybean meal with an innovative common bean genotype (Phaseolus vulgaris lec-lpa) with reduced content of anti-nutritional factors on zootechnical performance, gut microbiota modulation and faecal minerals in post-weaning piglets.
Fourteen piglets were divided into a control group fed with a basal diet and a treatment group fed with a commercial diet in which 7.3% of soybean meal and 0.8% of soybean oil were replaced with 10% of P. vulgaris lec- lpa for 28 days. BW, ADG, ADFI and FCR were evaluated, and diarrhoea incidence was recorded. Evaluation of pH, nitrogen content, protein digestibility and mineral content was performed on faecal samples. Microbiota was analysed by rectal swabs samples. Blood serum metabolic profile was evaluated.
The treatment group showed lower BW and ADG during the trial (p < 0.05), but the health status of the animals was preserved. The treatment group released lower levels of minerals in faeces when compared with the control group after 28 days (p < 0.05) suggesting a lower dispersion of faecal minerals in the environment. Significant Beta diversity index was observed at 14 and 28 days (p < 0.05). Roseburia and Butyricicoccus increased in treatment group at day 28 (p < 0.05). These genera are associated with SCFA production, contributing to the maintenance of intestinal integrity, promoting positive bacterial populations and limiting inflammatory phenomena.
In conclusion, P. vulgaris lec- lpa could be a viable and sustainable alternative protein source to reduce the European protein gap, playing a potential role in microbiota modulation and faecal minerals release.
转基因大豆大量用于动物饲料，其大规模种植影响了畜牧业的环境可持续性以及欧洲市场对进口的依赖。
本研究旨在评估用一种抗营养因子含量降低的创新型普通豆基因型（菜豆lec-lpa）部分替代豆粕对断奶仔猪生产性能、肠道微生物群调节和粪便矿物质的影响。
将14头仔猪分为对照组，饲喂基础日粮；处理组，饲喂商业日粮，其中10%的菜豆lec-lpa替代了7.3%的豆粕和0.8%的大豆油，持续28天。评估体重、平均日增重、平均日采食量和饲料转化率，并记录腹泻发生率。对粪便样本进行pH值、氮含量、蛋白质消化率和矿物质含量评估。通过直肠拭子样本分析微生物群。评估血清代谢谱。
试验期间，处理组的体重和平均日增重较低（p<0.05），但动物的健康状况良好。28天后，与对照组相比，处理组粪便中矿物质释放水平较低（p<0.05），表明粪便矿物质在环境中的分散性较低。在第14天和第28天观察到显著的β多样性指数（p<0.05）。第28天，处理组的罗氏菌属和丁酸球菌属增加（p<0.05）。这些属与短链脂肪酸的产生有关，有助于维持肠道完整性，促进有益细菌种群生长并限制炎症现象。
总之，菜豆lec-lpa可能是减少欧洲蛋白质缺口的一种可行且可持续的替代蛋白质来源，在调节微生物群和释放粪便矿物质方面发挥潜在作用。
