Morgado-Sevillano D, Rodríguez-Molinero J, García-Bravo C, Peña-Cardelles J F, Ruiz-Roca J A, García-Guerrero I, Gómez-de Diego R
Department of Nursing and Stomatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. Atenas, s/n, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
Research Collaborator at High-Performance Research, Development and Innovation Group in Dental Biomaterials (IDIBO), University Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
Saudi Dent J. 2024 Dec;36(12):1503-1508. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.12.004. Epub 2024 Dec 2.
This study aims to identify and comprehend the management of the most frequent complications in oral surgery that arise from the consumption of multiple drugs.
A comprehensive review of 23 articles was conducted, focusing on the complications that arise from the consumption of drugs in patients undergoing oral surgery treatment, in addition to the strategies for prevention and treatment.
All the reviewed articles offered insightful knowledge into preventing complications through well-defined protocols that encompass both pre- and post-operative measures. These measures include local interventions such as periodontal treatments, dental prophylaxis, and hygiene instructions, as well as systemic approaches like antibiotic prophylaxis and post-surgical antibiotic coverage. Additionally, specific measures like monitoring prothrombin time with the International Normalized Ratio in patients with coagulation disorders, and implementing hemostatic techniques, were also discussed.
The most prevalent complications in oral surgery are hemorrhage in anticoagulated patients, infections in immunosuppressed patients, and osteonecrosis in patients who take antiresorptive drugs. Edema, pain, and inflammation are also common post-operative concerns. When managing high-risk patients pharmacologically, it is crucial to provide effective antibiotic coverage both pre- and post-procedure and to utilize minimally invasive dental procedures with local hemostatic measures.
本研究旨在识别并理解口腔外科中因多种药物使用而产生的最常见并发症的管理方法。
对23篇文章进行了全面综述，重点关注接受口腔外科治疗的患者因药物使用而产生的并发症，以及预防和治疗策略。
所有综述文章都通过明确的方案提供了关于预防并发症的深刻见解，这些方案涵盖术前和术后措施。这些措施包括局部干预，如牙周治疗、牙齿预防和卫生指导，以及全身方法，如抗生素预防和术后抗生素覆盖。此外，还讨论了一些具体措施，如对凝血障碍患者使用国际标准化比值监测凝血酶原时间，以及实施止血技术。
口腔外科中最常见的并发症是抗凝患者的出血、免疫抑制患者的感染以及服用抗吸收药物患者的骨坏死。水肿、疼痛和炎症也是常见的术后问题。在对高危患者进行药物管理时，在术前和术后提供有效的抗生素覆盖，并采用局部止血措施的微创牙科手术至关重要。
