Mathur Ankit, Bhat Abid, Gohar Ashraf
Sleep Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, USA.
Cureus. 2025 Aug 14;17(8):e90090. doi: 10.7759/cureus.90090. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) or Willis‑Ekbom Disease is a sensorimotor condition marked by an irresistible need to move the legs, typically accompanied by uncomfortable sensations that peak during periods of rest and disrupt nightly sleep. Early identification in primary care is essential, as timely intervention can dramatically improve the patient's quality of life. Diagnosis relies on a focused clinical history, guided by targeted questions that explore symptom timing, triggers, and relief measures. Management begins with non‑pharmacological strategies, such as optimizing sleep hygiene and correcting iron deficiency, before progressing to pharmacologic options like gabapentinoids or dopamine agonists when needed. By combining lifestyle modifications with tailored medication plans, clinicians can effectively reduce symptoms and improve sleep quality.
不宁腿综合征(RLS)或威利斯-埃克博姆病是一种感觉运动疾病,其特征是不可抗拒地需要移动腿部,通常伴有在休息期间达到高峰并扰乱夜间睡眠的不适感。在初级保健中早期识别至关重要,因为及时干预可以显著改善患者的生活质量。诊断依赖于重点突出的临床病史,通过针对性问题来引导,这些问题探讨症状出现的时间、诱因和缓解措施。管理首先从非药物策略开始,如优化睡眠卫生和纠正缺铁,必要时再进展到使用加巴喷丁类药物或多巴胺激动剂等药物治疗方案。通过将生活方式的改变与量身定制的药物治疗计划相结合,临床医生可以有效减轻症状并改善睡眠质量。