Ekeuku Sophia Ogechi, Hashim Khairun-Nisa, Tan Jen Kit, Fang Michelle Yee Min, Ramli Nur Zuliani, Zarkasi Khairul Anwar, Chin Kok-Yong, Ahmad Fairus
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Malaysia.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Malaysia.
Int J Med Sci. 2025 Aug 16;22(14):3802-3814. doi: 10.7150/ijms.115978. eCollection 2025.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) may increase the risk of osteoporosis. This study examines the effects of Kelulut honey, previously shown to prevent MetS, on bone health in male rats fed a high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) diet. Chemical profiling of the honey was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods. For the experiment, male Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n=6/group). The normal control group was fed standard chow, while the HCHF groups were given an HCHF diet for 16 weeks. During the final eight weeks, one HCHF group received Kelulut honey (1 g/kg body weight/day). Bone density, biomechanics, histomorphometry, redox markers, and expression of genes relevant to bone cell differentiation were analysed at the end of the study. Chemical profiling of the honey revealed a unique array of bioactive compounds and oligosaccharides. HCHF diet decreased bone displacement and strain, but increased stiffness compared to controls. Bone marrow adipocyte number also increased with HCHF diet. Kelulut honey improved displacement and strain in HCHF-fed rats and reduced bone marrow adipocyte number. gene expression was significantly lower with HCHF diet. However, no significant differences in bone density, structural and cellular histomorphometric indices, glutathione levels, antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression of , , , and were observed between groups. HCHF diet compromises bone mechanical strength and bone marrow adiposity. Kelulut honey inverses these negative skeletal changes. These findings suggest Kelulut honey's potential protective role against MetS-related bone health issues, warranting further investigation into its mechanisms.
代谢综合征（MetS）可能会增加骨质疏松症的风险。本研究考察了此前已证明可预防MetS的吉露蜂蜂蜜对喂食高碳水化合物高脂肪（HCHF）饮食的雄性大鼠骨骼健康的影响。使用液相色谱 - 串联质谱法对蜂蜜进行了化学分析。在实验中，将雄性Wistar大鼠分为三组（每组n = 6）。正常对照组喂食标准饲料，而HCHF组喂食HCHF饮食16周。在最后八周，其中一个HCHF组接受吉露蜂蜂蜜（1克/千克体重/天）。在研究结束时分析了骨密度、生物力学、组织形态计量学、氧化还原标志物以及与骨细胞分化相关的基因表达。蜂蜜的化学分析揭示了一系列独特的生物活性化合物和低聚糖。与对照组相比，HCHF饮食降低了骨位移和应变，但增加了硬度。HCHF饮食还使骨髓脂肪细胞数量增加。吉露蜂蜂蜜改善了喂食HCHF饮食大鼠的位移和应变，并减少了骨髓脂肪细胞数量。HCHF饮食组的基因表达明显较低。然而，各组之间在骨密度、结构和细胞组织形态计量学指标、谷胱甘肽水平、抗氧化酶活性以及 、 、 、 和 的基因表达方面未观察到显著差异。HCHF饮食损害了骨机械强度和骨髓脂肪含量。吉露蜂蜂蜜逆转了这些负面的骨骼变化。这些发现表明吉露蜂蜂蜜对与MetS相关的骨骼健康问题具有潜在的保护作用，有必要对其作用机制进行进一步研究。
