Ikhsan Liyana Nabihah, Chin Kok-Yong, Ahmad Fairus
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 Oct 24;17(11):1427. doi: 10.3390/ph17111427.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is diagnosed when at least three out of five key risk factors are present: obesity, high blood pressure, insulin resistance, high triglycerides (TG) and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL). MS is often associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Recent studies have shown that raw stingless bee honey (SBH) can alleviate MS risk factors. However, the high moisture content in raw SBH predisposes it to fermentation, which can degrade its quality. Therefore, dehydrating SBH is necessary to prevent the fermentation process. This study aimed to compare the effects of dehydrated (DeGT) and raw (RGT) SBH from species on high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet (HCHF)-induced MS in rats.
Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (C), HCHF-induced MS without treatment (MS), HCHF-induced MS treated with DeGT (MS+DeGT) and HCHF-induced MS treated with RGT (MS+RGT). Group C received standard rat chow, while the other groups were fed with HCHF diet for 16 weeks. In the final eight weeks, two HCHF-induced groups received their respective SBH treatments.
Both DeGT and RGT treatments reduced energy intake, fat mass, high blood pressure, inflammatory (tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)) and obesity (the leptin/adiponectin (L/A) ratio, corticosterone, 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type-1 (11βHSD1)) markers, as well as prevented histomorphometry changes (prevented adipocyte hypertrophy, increased the Bowman's space area and glomerular atrophy). Additionally, DeGT increased serum HDL levels, while RGT reduced serum TG, leptin and other inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)), as well as hepatosteatosis.
While DeGT demonstrates potential as a preventive agent for MS, RGT exhibited more pronounced anti-MS effects in this study.
背景/目的：当出现以下五个关键风险因素中的至少三个时，即诊断为代谢综合征（MS）：肥胖、高血压、胰岛素抵抗、高甘油三酯（TG）和低高密度脂蛋白（HDL）。MS常与慢性低度炎症相关。最近的研究表明，生无刺蜂蜂蜜（SBH）可以减轻MS风险因素。然而，生SBH中的高水分含量使其易于发酵，这会降低其质量。因此，对SBH进行脱水处理对于防止发酵过程是必要的。本研究旨在比较来自 物种的脱水（DeGT）和生（RGT）SBH对高碳水化合物、高脂肪饮食（HCHF）诱导的大鼠MS的影响。
将24只雄性Wistar大鼠分为四组：对照组（C）、未治疗的HCHF诱导的MS组（MS）、用DeGT治疗的HCHF诱导的MS组（MS+DeGT）和用RGT治疗的HCHF诱导的MS组（MS+RGT）。C组给予标准大鼠饲料，而其他组给予HCHF饮食16周。在最后八周，两个HCHF诱导组接受各自的SBH治疗。
DeGT和RGT治疗均降低了能量摄入、脂肪量、高血压、炎症（肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α））和肥胖（瘦素/脂联素（L/A）比值、皮质酮、11β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶1型（11βHSD1））标志物，并且防止了组织形态学变化（防止脂肪细胞肥大、增加鲍曼氏间隙面积和肾小球萎缩）。此外，DeGT增加了血清HDL水平，而RGT降低了血清TG、瘦素和其他炎症标志物（白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β））以及肝脂肪变性。
虽然DeGT显示出作为MS预防剂的潜力，但在本研究中RGT表现出更明显的抗MS作用。
