Martínez-Líbano Jonathan, Reyes José Miguel Ahumada, Passalacqua Andrea Sarmiento, Molina Jair Alier Collao, Bulnes Jovania Gallegos
Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile.
Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile.
Health Psychol Rep. 2025 May 29;13(3):215-225. doi: 10.5114/hpr/202321. eCollection 2025.
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) has had a growing impact in Western cultures, manifesting itself in social pressures to achieve physical standards, affecting both men and women. Media influences have magnified these ideals, promoting a standardized body appearance, which has generated an increase in appearance-related disorders. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated body concerns. Therefore, we aimed to determine the post-pandemic prevalence and its consequences. For these purposes, a systematic review was carried out based on the PRISMA strategy to identify relevant studies between 2019 and 2023 in databases such as Web of Science and Scopus. Selection criteria were applied, including cross-sectional or longitudinal studies that focused on populations without a previous diagnosis of BDD and used clinical instruments. Of the 52 articles identified, 10 met the inclusion criteria and were selected. Four were used for the systematic review and 6 to carry out the meta-analysis. The prevalence of BDD was high, at 20.8% (6 studies, logOR = 0.208 [95% CI: 0.121-0.294], = 4.69, < .001, = 98.51%). In conclusion, the restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic such as remaining in isolation, the closure of beauty services, and the increase in the use of social networks and video calls increased anxiety and stress levels in patients diagnosed with BDD and also in people with symptoms related to BDD.
躯体变形障碍（BDD）在西方文化中的影响日益增大，表现为追求身体标准的社会压力，对男性和女性均有影响。媒体的影响放大了这些理想标准，推崇标准化的身体外观，这导致了与外貌相关疾病的增加。新冠疫情加剧了人们对身体的担忧。因此，我们旨在确定疫情后该病的患病率及其后果。为此，我们基于PRISMA策略进行了一项系统综述，以在诸如科学网和Scopus等数据库中识别2019年至2023年期间的相关研究。应用了选择标准，包括针对既往未诊断为BDD的人群且使用临床工具的横断面或纵向研究。在识别出的52篇文章中，10篇符合纳入标准并被选中。4篇用于系统综述，6篇用于进行荟萃分析。BDD的患病率很高，为20.8%（6项研究，logOR = 0.208 [95% CI：0.121 - 0.294]， = 4.69， <.001， = 98.51%）。总之，新冠疫情造成的限制，如隔离、美容服务关闭以及社交网络和视频通话使用增加，增加了被诊断为BDD的患者以及有BDD相关症状的人的焦虑和压力水平。
