Clougher Suzanne Bianca, Miorelli Camilla, Astolfi Annalisa, Zaghi Adriano, Scagliarini Alessandra, Versura Piera
Ophthalmology Unit, DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy.
DIMEVET, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
One Health. 2025 Apr 18;20:101044. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101044. eCollection 2025 Jun.
The evidence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria-sharing between pets and owners and the increasing number of households with pets call attention to microbial exchanges between animals and humans at home. Sharing of allergic traits and of skin, oral, and gut microbiomes between dogs and owners has been demonstrated in multiple studies, highlighting the existence and importance of non-pathogenic microbial exchanges, and calling for a One Health approach to study the microbiomes. This study investigates sharing of ocular surface microbiome between dogs and owners by characterizing dog and owner ocular microbiomes, and evaluating the impact of several lifestyle factors on microbiome similarities between them. To this aim, conjunctival swabs were collected from 15 dogs and their owners for subsequent DNA extraction and 16S rRNA V3-V4 regions sequencing. Microbiome composition and alpha diversity were determined for dogs and owners. Beta diversity was estimated with weighted UniFrac distance, unweighted UniFrac distance, and Bray-Curtis dissimilarity. Dog-owner distances, i.e. beta diversity in each dog-owner pair, were calculated to estimate the level of similarity between dog and owner microbiomes. The impact of several lifestyle factors on microbiome similarities between dog and owner was investigated. Dog and owner microbiomes were found to be similar in overall composition, harboring the same main phyla and families, albeit forming two distinct clusters and dogs having a significantly more diverse microbiome. Small dogs tended to share more microbiome with their owner than large dogs. Pairs cohabiting with other pets had a microbiome composition significantly more similar than the ones who did not.
宠物与主人之间存在抗生素耐药菌共享的证据，以及养宠物家庭数量的增加，这使得人们开始关注家庭中动物与人类之间的微生物交换。多项研究表明，狗与主人之间存在过敏特征以及皮肤、口腔和肠道微生物群的共享，这凸显了非致病性微生物交换的存在及其重要性，并呼吁采用“同一健康”方法来研究微生物群。本研究通过对狗和主人的眼表微生物群进行特征分析，并评估多种生活方式因素对它们之间微生物群相似性的影响，来调查狗与主人之间眼表微生物群的共享情况。为此，从15只狗及其主人身上采集结膜拭子，随后进行DNA提取和16S rRNA V3-V4区域测序。测定了狗和主人的微生物群组成及α多样性。用加权UniFrac距离、非加权UniFrac距离和Bray-Curtis差异来估计β多样性。计算狗-主人距离，即每对狗-主人中的β多样性，以估计狗和主人微生物群之间的相似程度。研究了多种生活方式因素对狗和主人之间微生物群相似性的影响。发现狗和主人的微生物群在总体组成上相似，拥有相同的主要门和科，尽管形成了两个不同的聚类，且狗的微生物群明显更加多样。小型犬比大型犬更倾向于与主人共享更多的微生物群。与其他宠物同居的狗-主人对的微生物群组成比没有与其他宠物同居的狗-主人对的微生物群组成显著更相似。
