还原应激与抗氧化剂在男性不育中的作用：一篇叙述性综述。

Reductive stress and the role of antioxidants in male infertility: a narrative review.

作者信息

Moustakli Efthalia, Christopoulos Panagiotis, Potiris Anastasios, Zikopoulos Athanasios, Matsas Alkis, Arkoulis Ioannis, Mavrogianni Despoina, Drakaki Eirini, Zachariou Athanasios, Drakakis Peter, Stavros Sofoklis

机构信息

Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10, Ioannina, Greece.

Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieion University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28, Athens, Greece.

出版信息

Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2025 Sep 17. doi: 10.1007/s00404-025-08184-3.

DOI:10.1007/s00404-025-08184-3

PMID:40960522

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The ability of antioxidant therapy to mitigate oxidative stress (OS)-induced sperm function impairment makes it a popular treatment for male infertility. Reductive stress (RS), a condition characterized by an overcompensation in redox balance that favors reduction over oxidation, may be brought on by excessive or extended antioxidant use, according to mounting evidence. The purpose of this review is to examine the processes by which an excess of antioxidants causes RS and to evaluate any potential negative impacts on men's reproductive health.

METHODS

A comprehensive overview of recent clinical and experimental studies focused on the effects of excessive antioxidant use on redox biology, mitochondrial function, spermatogenesis, and sperm quality.

RESULTS

RS has been shown to affect sperm growth and function, interfere with cellular signaling, and damage mitochondrial integrity. Antioxidants are commonly employed, although there are currently no clear clinical guidelines or biomarkers for diagnosis to monitor redox equilibrium.

CONCLUSIONS

In male infertility treatments based on antioxidants, RS poses a paradoxical risk. A personalized, balanced approach to antioxidant therapy is essential, alongside the development of biomarkers and standardized protocols to ensure redox homeostasis and avoid potential harm.

摘要

背景

抗氧化疗法减轻氧化应激（OS）诱导的精子功能损害的能力使其成为男性不育症的常用治疗方法。越来越多的证据表明，还原应激（RS）是一种氧化还原平衡过度补偿、有利于还原而非氧化的状态，可能是由于过量或长期使用抗氧化剂所致。本综述的目的是研究过量抗氧化剂导致RS的过程，并评估其对男性生殖健康的任何潜在负面影响。