Kaur Manpreet, Middha Muskan, Sharma Vinod, Dahiya Neha, Singh Varsha
Centre for Life Sciences, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 140401, Rajpura, Punjab, India.
Department of Dermatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
Mol Biol Rep. 2025 Sep 17;52(1):909. doi: 10.1007/s11033-025-11005-0.
Cardiorenal syndrome denotes a complicated interaction in which abnormalities in one organ, the kidneys or the heart, cause abnormalities in the other, resulting in severe co-morbidities and a higher risk of death. Developing successful treatment plans requires understanding the molecular underpinnings of this reciprocal connection. According to recent studies, non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, are essential modulators of gene expression in the setting of renal and cardiovascular disorders within CRS. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the functions of ncRNAs and the transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway in CRS, as well as how ncRNA dysregulation affects essential functions such as endothelial integrity, oxidative balance, and fibrotic responses in the kidneys and heart. Particular miRNAs that impact exosomal and mitochondrial pathways and have potential as diagnostic biomarkers for CRS subtypes and phases are highlighted. The pathophysiology of ischemia injury also demonstrates the relationship between exosome miRNAs and cell-to-cell communication. The reciprocal relationship between TGF-β signaling and ncRNA production is further clarified in the review, which also examines how this interaction may be involved in the maladaptive remodeling feature of CRS. Alongside a discussion of the challenges in translating these discoveries into effective treatments, an assessment of contemporary therapeutic approaches, such as volume management techniques and targeted molecular interventions, is provided. The significance of ongoing research on ncRNA-TGF-β in CRS is emphasized in this review, along with the potential for developing innovative diagnostic and treatment approaches that consider the complex interactions between the kidneys and heart in this debilitating condition.
心肾综合征指的是一种复杂的相互作用，即肾脏或心脏这两个器官中的一个出现异常会导致另一个器官出现异常，从而引发严重的合并症和更高的死亡风险。制定成功的治疗方案需要了解这种相互联系的分子基础。根据最近的研究，非编码RNA，尤其是微小RNA，是心肾综合征中肾脏和心血管疾病背景下基因表达的重要调节因子。本综述总结了目前关于非编码RNA的功能以及转化生长因子-β信号通路在心肾综合征中的知识，以及非编码RNA失调如何影响肾脏和心脏中的内皮完整性、氧化平衡和纤维化反应等基本功能。重点介绍了影响外泌体和线粒体途径且有望作为心肾综合征亚型和阶段诊断生物标志物的特定微小RNA。缺血性损伤的病理生理学也证明了外泌体微小RNA与细胞间通讯之间的关系。本综述进一步阐明了转化生长因子-β信号与非编码RNA产生之间的相互关系，还探讨了这种相互作用可能如何参与心肾综合征的适应性不良重塑特征。除了讨论将这些发现转化为有效治疗方法所面临的挑战外，还对当代治疗方法，如容量管理技术和靶向分子干预进行了评估。本综述强调了在心肾综合征中对非编码RNA-转化生长因子-β进行持续研究的重要性，以及开发考虑到这种衰弱病症中肾脏和心脏之间复杂相互作用的创新诊断和治疗方法的潜力。
