Qin Huanghui, Liu Hang, Sun Junming, Cai Liang, Tan Yi, Li Mingze, Xiao Yubo, Li Lanyu
Guangxi Key laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
School of Medical Laboratory Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, Hunan, China.
PLoS One. 2025 Sep 18;20(9):e0332082. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0332082. eCollection 2025.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, associated with reproductive, metabolic, and psychological complications. In China, the burden of PCOS remains poorly characterized, particularly amid changing demographics and lifestyle patterns. This study evaluates trends in PCOS incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2021 and projects the future burden through 2035.
Data on PCOS incidence, prevalence, and DALYs for Chinese women aged 10-54 years were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Age-specific and age-standardized rates were calculated. Temporal trends were assessed using estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs), and decomposition analysis quantified contributions of epidemiological changes, population growth, and aging. Projections through 2035 were based on current trends.
From 1990 to 2021, PCOS incidence and prevalence showed significant increases, especially in younger age groups. Among 10-14-year-olds, incidence rose from 73,615 cases (95% UI: 35,399-124,529) to 128,219 cases (95% UI: 65,776-211,113), while prevalence increased from 124,220 (95% UI: 59,649-211,274) to 216,398 cases (95% UI: 110,028-357,026). Age-standardized rates are projected to rise to 70.82 (95% CI: 45.39-96.26) and 1,661.80 (95% CI: 1,467.99-1,855.62) per 100,000 by 2035, respectively. Decomposition analysis showed epidemiological changes as the primary driver of increased burden.
The burden of PCOS in China has risen substantially over three decades and is projected to escalate further. Marked increases in PCOS incidence and prevalence were observed among younger age groups, indicating an earlier onset or diagnosis. These findings highlight a shifting burden toward younger age groups and underscore the importance of age-specific surveillance and prevention strategies to address the evolving epidemiology of PCOS in China.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是育龄女性中一种常见的内分泌紊乱疾病，与生殖、代谢和心理并发症相关。在中国，PCOS的负担仍未得到充分描述，尤其是在人口结构和生活方式模式不断变化的情况下。本研究评估了1990年至2021年期间PCOS的发病率、患病率和伤残调整生命年（DALYs）趋势，并预测了到2035年的未来负担。
从《2021年全球疾病负担研究》中提取了中国10 - 54岁女性PCOS发病率、患病率和DALYs的数据。计算了年龄别率和年龄标准化率。使用估计年变化百分比（EAPCs）评估时间趋势，并通过分解分析量化了流行病学变化、人口增长和老龄化的贡献。基于当前趋势对2035年进行了预测。
从1990年到2021年，PCOS的发病率和患病率显著增加，尤其是在较年轻的年龄组。在10 - 14岁的人群中，发病率从73,615例（95%不确定区间：35,399 - 124,529）增至128,219例（95%不确定区间：65,776 - 211,113），而患病率从124,220例（95%不确定区间：59,649 - 211,274）增至216,398例（95%不确定区间：110,028 - 357,026）。预计到2035年，年龄标准化率将分别升至每10万人70.82例（95%置信区间：45.39 - 96.26）和1,661.80例（95%置信区间：1,467.99 - 1,855.62）。分解分析表明，流行病学变化是负担增加的主要驱动因素。
中国PCOS的负担在三十年里大幅上升，预计还会进一步加剧。在较年轻年龄组中观察到PCOS发病率和患病率显著增加，表明发病或诊断年龄提前。这些发现凸显了负担向较年轻年龄组的转移，并强调了针对特定年龄的监测和预防策略对于应对中国PCOS不断演变的流行病学的重要性。
