Meng Yaping, Zhao Ting, Zhang Rui, Zhu Xiaoyan, Ma Chao, Shi Qin
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Mar 26;13:1514250. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1514250. eCollection 2025.
The escalating global incidence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) necessitates a thorough examination of its epidemiological trends and sociodemographic correlations. Our study bridges this gap by analyzing the global impact of PCOS among women of childbearing age (WCBA) from 1990 to 2021, aiming to inform strategies for enhanced prevention and management.
We extracted data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021), focusing on the burden of PCOS among women aged 15-49 years. We assessed incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) trends using the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and explored the link between PCOS burden and sociodemographic index (SDI).
In 2021, the prevalence cases of PCOS worldwide were 65.77 million, the incidence cases were 1,175.07 thousand, and the DALYs cases were 576.05 thousand. Compared with 1990, the percentage changes were 89, 49, and 87%, respectively. The EAPCs indicated upward trends in prevalence and DALYs rates, with a less pronounced increase in incidence rates. The middle SDI region had the highest PCOS case numbers, and the 45-49 age group in this region experienced the most significant burden increase. A strong positive correlation existed between PCOS prevalent rates and SDI ( = 0.582, < 0.001).
The global burden of PCOS among WCBA has significantly increased over the past three decades, particularly in the 45-49 age group in middle SDI regions. The correlation between PCOS prevalent rates and SDI highlights the role of socio-economic factors in PCOS epidemiology. Tailored prevention and management strategies are crucial for reducing the global burden of PCOS and improving female health outcomes.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）在全球的发病率不断上升，因此有必要对其流行病学趋势和社会人口学相关性进行全面研究。我们的研究通过分析1990年至2021年PCOS对育龄妇女（WCBA）的全球影响，填补了这一空白，旨在为加强预防和管理的策略提供依据。
我们从《2021年全球疾病负担研究》（GBD 2021）中提取数据，重点关注15至49岁女性中PCOS的负担情况。我们使用估计年变化百分比（EAPC）评估发病率、患病率和伤残调整生命年（DALY）趋势，并探讨PCOS负担与社会人口学指数（SDI）之间的联系。
2021年，全球PCOS患病率病例为6577万，发病率病例为117.507万，DALY病例为57.605万。与1990年相比，百分比变化分别为89%、49%和87%。EAPC表明患病率和DALY率呈上升趋势，发病率上升趋势不明显。中等SDI地区的PCOS病例数最高，该地区45至49岁年龄组的负担增加最为显著。PCOS患病率与SDI之间存在强正相关（r = 0.582，P < 0.001）。
在过去三十年中，WCBA中PCOS的全球负担显著增加, 特别是在中等SDI地区的45至49岁年龄组。PCOS患病率与SDI之间的相关性凸显了社会经济因素在PCOS流行病学中的作用。制定针对性的预防和管理策略对于减轻PCOS的全球负担和改善女性健康状况至关重要。
