Kanašniece Evija, Daukšaite Viktorija, Vilne Baiba, Gailīte Linda, Caunīte Laima, Ērglis Andrejs, Trušinskis Kārlis
Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema street 16, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia.
Latvian Centre of Cardiology, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu street 13, Riga, LV-1002, Latvia.
Mol Biol Rep. 2025 Sep 19;52(1):927. doi: 10.1007/s11033-025-11060-7.
The prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) is increasing among young adults. To improve CAD diagnosis, microRNAs are being explored as potential minimally invasive biomarkers. The aim of this study was to evaluate circulating microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles and assess their value in predicting the development of early-onset CAD.
A total of 108 patients with early- and late-onset CAD and 29 individuals without CAD were included, and their miRNA expression was evaluated. The diagnostic value of differentially expressed miRNAs across the subgroups was tested by logistic regression models and ROC curve analysis. A total of 287 different circulating miRNAs were analysed following sequencing and preprocessing. Seven miRNAs (miR-10b-5p, miR-29c-3p, miR-142-5p, miR-320b, miR-451a, miR-486-3p, and miR-625-3p) were found to be differentially expressed across all the study groups, four of which (miR-142-5p, miR-29c-3p, miR-451a, and miR-486-3p) were significantly downregulated in the late-onset CAD group compared with the control group. ROC analysis demonstrated that the combination of the seven miRNAs had high diagnostic accuracy, with an AUC of 0.9924 for distinguishing late-onset CAD from the other groups, and moderate accuracy, with an AUC of 0.8235 for distinguishing early-onset CAD from the other groups.
A combination of seven circulating miRNAs (miR-10b-5p, miR-29c-3p, miR-142-5p, miR-320b, miR-451a, miR-486-3p, and miR-625-3p) is a promising biomarker panel for CAD diagnosis, distinguishing between early-onset and late-onset disease. While the panel demonstrated high accuracy in classifying late-onset CAD, its ability to predict early-onset CAD requires further validation. Larger, independent populations are needed to validate the predictive ability of the panel for early disease detection, confirm these findings, and improve generalizability.
冠状动脉疾病（CAD）在年轻成年人中的患病率正在上升。为了改善CAD的诊断，正在探索将微小RNA作为潜在的微创生物标志物。本研究的目的是评估循环微小RNA（miRNA）的表达谱，并评估其在预测早发性CAD发展中的价值。
共纳入108例早发性和晚发性CAD患者以及29例无CAD的个体，并对其miRNA表达进行评估。通过逻辑回归模型和ROC曲线分析测试了各亚组中差异表达的miRNA的诊断价值。测序和预处理后共分析了287种不同的循环miRNA。发现7种miRNA（miR-10b-5p、miR-29c-3p、miR-142-5p、miR-320b、miR-451a、miR-486-3p和miR-625-3p）在所有研究组中均有差异表达，其中4种（miR-142-5p、miR-29c-3p、miR-451a和miR-486-3p）在晚发性CAD组中与对照组相比显著下调。ROC分析表明，这7种miRNA的组合具有较高的诊断准确性，区分晚发性CAD与其他组的AUC为0.9924，区分早发性CAD与其他组的准确性中等，AUC为0.8235。
7种循环miRNA（miR-10b-5p、miR-29c-3p、miR-142-5p、miR-320b、miR-451a、miR-486-3p和miR-625-3p）的组合是用于CAD诊断的有前景的生物标志物组，可区分早发性和晚发性疾病。虽然该组合在分类晚发性CAD方面显示出高准确性，但其预测早发性CAD的能力需要进一步验证。需要更大的独立人群来验证该组合在早期疾病检测中的预测能力，证实这些发现，并提高可推广性。
