Munir Fariha, Tahir Hafiz Muhammad, Ali Muhammad Tayyab, Ghaffar Asjid, Ul Huda Noor, Arshad Sidra, Mahnoor Rida, Ul Abdin Zain, Fajar Ali Rabia
Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
J Med Entomol. 2025 Sep 14. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjaf111.
The study aims to develop a biolarvicide alternative to synthetic insecticides for controlling Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762), a major vector for dengue, zika virus, and chikungunya viruses. Turmeric Essential oil Pickering emulsion (TEO PE) was developed to combat mosquito populations. Research offers a unique technology to encapsulate TEO PE in hydrogel beads, enhancing its larvicidal activity. The stability of TEO was enhanced using cellulose nanocrsytals (CNCs). Characteristics of CNC, PE, and hydrogel beads were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), SEM, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Hydrogel beads showed effective toxicity against A. aegypti larvae in a dose-dependent method, with significant lethal concentration. FTIR analysis confirms cellulose presence in CNC, while Zeta potential and DLS show stable PE with an average particle size of 94.4 nm. Subsequently, SEM, XRD, and UV-Vis spectroscopy were performed to evaluate the crystallinity, encapsulation and release efficacy of beads, respectively. Larvicidal activity of free TEO and TEO PE-based hydrogel beads was evaluated against third instar larvae of A. aegypti. Outcome of this study demonstrated that hydrogel beads exhibit effective larvicidal activity with mortality (P < 0.001) against the larvae with significant lethal concentration (LC) values (LC50 = 227.074 mg/l ± 7.09912, LC90 = 360.257 mg/l ± 14.0808) as compared to pure TEO (LC50 = 22.8349 mg/l ± 2.28709, LC90 = 47.8297 mg/l ± 2.22492). Histo-pathological analysis revealed extensive damage to internal membranes and midgut regions of the larvae. This approach provides enhanced stability, targeted larvicidal activity, controlled release, and a sustainable alternative to synthetic insecticides.
该研究旨在开发一种生物杀幼虫剂，以替代合成杀虫剂来控制埃及伊蚊（Linnaeus，1762），这是登革热、寨卡病毒和基孔肯雅病毒的主要传播媒介。开发了姜黄精油Pickering乳液（TEO PE）来对抗蚊虫种群。研究提供了一种独特的技术，将TEO PE封装在水凝胶珠中，增强其杀幼虫活性。使用纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）提高了TEO的稳定性。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、zeta电位、动态光散射（DLS）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）对CNC、PE和水凝胶珠的特性进行了评估。水凝胶珠以剂量依赖的方式对埃及伊蚊幼虫显示出有效的毒性，具有显著的致死浓度。FTIR分析证实了CNC中存在纤维素，而zeta电位和DLS显示PE稳定，平均粒径为94.4nm。随后，分别进行了SEM、XRD和紫外可见光谱分析，以评估珠子的结晶度、包封率和释放效率。评估了游离TEO和基于TEO PE的水凝胶珠对埃及伊蚊三龄幼虫的杀幼虫活性。该研究的结果表明，与纯TEO（LC50 = 22.8349mg/l±2.28709，LC90 = 47.8297mg/l±2.22492）相比，水凝胶珠对幼虫具有有效的杀幼虫活性，死亡率（P < 0.001），致死浓度（LC）值显著（LC50 = 227.074mg/l±7.09912，LC90 = 360.257mg/l±14.0808）。组织病理学分析显示幼虫的内膜和中肠区域受到广泛损伤。这种方法提供了更高的稳定性、靶向杀幼虫活性、控释能力，以及合成杀虫剂的可持续替代品。
