Tenório Leila Pereira, Volpon José Batista, Nogueira-Barbosa Marcello Henrique
Universidade de São Paulo (FMRPUSP), Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Hospital das Clinicas, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Universidade de São Paulo (FMRPUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Ortopedia e Anestesiologia, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Acta Ortop Bras. 2025 Sep 22;33(5):e291176. doi: 10.1590/1413-785220253305e291176. eCollection 2025.
To analyze cases with clinical suspicion of patellar abnormalities, before ossification of the patella and to characterize the spectrum of abnormalities of the cartilaginous infantile patella by ultrasonography.
Retrospective study using the keyword "patella" in ultrasonography reports in the Radiology Information System (RIS). The main researcher performed patellar measurements in the group of patients and in a control group (9 patients) without clinical or ultrasonography abnormalities.
Twelve patients with suspected patellar abnormalities were identified, with a mean age of 9 months and 4 days (±1.9 years), 75% male.
dislocation or subluxation associated with patellar hypoplasia (7 knees), low lying patella and patellar hypoplasia (2), unilateral patellar agenesis (1), bilateral patellar agenesis (1), patellar instability in dynamic assessment and absence of patellar morphological changes (1). In two patients, ultrasonography was negative. The craniocaudal diameter of the hypoplastic patellas measured 0.94 cm ± 0.24 cm and in the control group 1.24 cm and ±0.12 cm (p<0.01). The Insall-Salvati index adapted for ultrasonography measured 0.63±0.07 for the low lying patella and 0.93±0.16 in the control group (p=0.004).
Ultrasonography was useful to characterize abnormalities of the cartilaginous patella, and the most frequent findings were instability and hypoplasia.
分析临床怀疑存在髌骨异常且髌骨尚未骨化的病例，并通过超声检查对婴儿期软骨性髌骨的异常谱进行特征描述。
采用回顾性研究，在放射信息系统（RIS）的超声检查报告中使用关键词“髌骨”。主要研究者对患者组和无临床或超声异常的对照组（9例患者）进行髌骨测量。
确定了12例疑似髌骨异常的患者，平均年龄为9个月零4天（±1.9岁），75%为男性。
与髌骨发育不全相关的脱位或半脱位（7例膝关节）、低位髌骨和髌骨发育不全（2例）、单侧髌骨缺如（1例）、双侧髌骨缺如（1例）、动态评估中髌骨不稳定且无髌骨形态改变（1例）。2例患者超声检查结果为阴性。发育不全髌骨的头尾径测量值为0.94 cm±0.24 cm，对照组为1.24 cm±0.12 cm（p<0.01）。适用于超声检查的Insall-Salvati指数，低位髌骨为0.63±0.07，对照组为0.93±0.16（p=0.004）。
超声检查有助于对软骨性髌骨的异常进行特征描述，最常见的发现是不稳定和发育不全。
