Phung Viet-Duc, Tran Vinh Van
Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Duy Tan University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam.
Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 55000, Vietnam.
Biosensors (Basel). 2025 Sep 4;15(9):580. doi: 10.3390/bios15090580.
Thanks to their multiple outstanding features-such as high fluorescence quantum yield, good photostability, and excellent sensitivity-conjugated polymers (CPs) have emerged as a pioneering class of fluorescent materials for sensing applications, particularly in environmental and biological fields, for the detection of a wide range of environmental pollutants and bioactive compounds. The presence of delocalized π-electrons in the CP backbone significantly enhances sensing performance through a unique phenomenon known as the "molecular wire effect." As a result, CP-based fluorescent sensors have been extensively developed and employed as exceptional tools for monitoring various analytes in environmental and biological contexts. A deep understanding of their unique properties, fabrication techniques, and recent innovations is essential for guiding the strategic development of advanced CP-based fluorescent sensors, particularly for future point-of-care applications. This study presents a critical review of the key characteristics of fluorescent sensors and highlights several common types of conjugated polymers (CPs) used in their design and fabrication. It summarizes and discusses the main sensing mechanisms, state-of-the-art applications, and recent innovations of CP-based fluorescent sensors for detecting target compounds in environmental and biological fields. Furthermore, potential strategies and future perspectives for designing and developing high-performance CP-based fluorescent sensors are emphasized. By consolidating current scientific evidence, this review aims to support the advancement of highly sensitive fluorescent sensors based on various CP nanoparticles for environmental and biological applications.
由于具有多种出色特性，如高荧光量子产率、良好的光稳定性和卓越的灵敏度，共轭聚合物（CPs）已成为传感应用中一类开创性的荧光材料，特别是在环境和生物领域，用于检测多种环境污染物和生物活性化合物。CP主链中离域π电子的存在通过一种称为“分子线效应”的独特现象显著增强了传感性能。因此，基于CP的荧光传感器已得到广泛开发，并被用作监测环境和生物环境中各种分析物的出色工具。深入了解其独特性质、制备技术和最新创新对于指导先进的基于CP的荧光传感器的战略发展至关重要，特别是对于未来的即时检测应用。本研究对荧光传感器的关键特性进行了批判性综述，并重点介绍了其设计和制造中使用的几种常见类型的共轭聚合物（CPs）。它总结并讨论了基于CP的荧光传感器在检测环境和生物领域目标化合物方面的主要传感机制、最新应用和最新创新。此外，还强调了设计和开发高性能基于CP的荧光传感器的潜在策略和未来前景。通过整合当前的科学证据，本综述旨在支持基于各种CP纳米颗粒的高灵敏度荧光传感器在环境和生物应用方面的进展。
