Bello-López Juan M, Razo Blanco-Hernández Dulce M, Loyola-Cruz Miguel Á, Cruz-Cruz Clemente, Sosa-Hernández Oscar, Nieto-Velázquez Nayeli G, Victoria-Acosta Georgina, Jiménez Adriana, Delgado-Balbuena Laura, Zárate-Sánchez Luis G, Carpinteyro-Espín Paulina, Vásquez-Jiménez Enzo, López-Ornelas Adolfo, Castro-Escarpulli Graciela, Rojas-Bernabé Araceli, Tamayo-Ordóñez María C, Tamayo-Ordóñez Yahaira de J, Tamayo-Ordóñez Francisco A, Ayil-Gutiérrez Benjamín A, García-Hernández Omar A, Hernández-Castellanos Benito, Castañeda-Ortega Julio C, Calzada-Mendoza Claudia C, Durán-Manuel Emilio M
Hospital Juárez de México, Mexico City 07760, Mexico.
Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico.
Diseases. 2025 Sep 1;13(9):288. doi: 10.3390/diseases13090288.
Mpox is an emerging zoonotic disease, caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV). Since its discovery, it has been considered endemic in Central and West Africa. Mpox is of global significance as of May 2022, due to the report of simultaneous outbreaks in more than 70 countries where the disease was not endemic. The global spread of mpox has shown the importance of maintaining active surveillance for emerging zoonotic diseases, many of which can cross borders.
The aim of this study was to analyse mpox cases and national incidence in Mexico related to the global outbreak.
Epidemiological data (confirmed cases and incidence of MPXV infection) were obtained from the morbidity yearbook of the General Directorate of Epidemiology of the Mexican Ministry of Health. The information was analysed for the construction of epidemic curves, distribution of cases by age and sex and quartiles of geographical incidence.
A total of 4081 cumulative confirmed cases were recorded with a peak and national incidence of 1191 and 1.87, respectively, in September 2022. The distribution of cases by age and sex showed that males were more prevalent (above 95%) in the 25-44 years age group compared to females. Finally, geographical analysis showed that cosmopolitan and population-concentrated states had the highest incidence, clustered in the top quartile. The 2022 mpox outbreak in Mexico was consistent with other countries as reported in the international literature, with most cases occurring among exposed individuals in cosmopolitan cities.
The need for active surveillance of emerging diseases, access to specific diagnostics and implementation of vaccination strategies is analysed and discussed.
猴痘是一种由猴痘病毒（MPXV）引起的新发人畜共患病。自发现以来，它一直被认为在中非和西非呈地方性流行。截至2022年5月，猴痘具有全球意义，因为有报告称在70多个非该疾病地方性流行的国家同时暴发疫情。猴痘的全球传播表明了对新发人畜共患病保持积极监测的重要性，其中许多疾病可以跨境传播。
本研究旨在分析墨西哥与全球疫情相关的猴痘病例和全国发病率。
从墨西哥卫生部流行病学总局的发病率年鉴中获取流行病学数据（确诊病例和MPXV感染发病率）。对这些信息进行分析，以构建疫情曲线、按年龄和性别划分的病例分布以及地理发病率四分位数。
共记录了4081例累积确诊病例，2022年9月出现峰值，全国发病率分别为1191例和1.87。按年龄和性别划分的病例分布显示，在25 - 44岁年龄组中，男性比女性更普遍（超过95%）。最后，地理分析表明，国际化大都市和人口密集的州发病率最高，集中在最高四分位数。墨西哥2022年猴痘疫情与国际文献报道的其他国家情况一致，大多数病例发生在国际化大都市中暴露的个体中。
分析并讨论了对新发疾病进行积极监测、获得特定诊断方法以及实施疫苗接种策略的必要性。
