Sriranjani Kaliyaperumal, Ranjan Amit, Thangarani Albin Jemila, Binesh Ambika, Kavimugaraja Mohamood, Balasundari Subbiah, Felix Nathan
Institute of Fisheries Post Graduate Studies, Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Vaniyanchavadi 603 103, Tamil Nadu, India.
Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Nagapattinam 611 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Sep 10;14(9):1237. doi: 10.3390/biology14091237.
A 70-day feeding trial was carried out to examine the effects of exogenous alpha amylase supplementation and different levels of starch on the growth performance, whole-body proximate composition, apparent nutrient digestibility, and digestive and metabolic enzyme activities of juveniles. Nine semi-purified iso-nitrogenous (42%) and iso-lipidic (7%) diets containing three different levels of starch ( 10%, 20% and 30%) and amylase (0%, 0.05%, 0.1%) were formulated as CA, CA, CA, CA, CA, CA, CA, CA, and CA (C-starch, A-amylase). A total of 405 juveniles of average weight (14.31 ± 0.1 g) were randomly assigned to 27 150 L capacity FRP tanks with 15 fish per tank following a 3 × 3 factorial design in triplicate with proper aeration. Final weight, weight gain (WG%), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were significantly influenced ( < 0.05) by dietary starch and amylase supplementation as well as their interaction. The nutrient digestibility results revealed that the apparent digestibility coefficient of dry matter, crude protein, crude lipids, and carbohydrates improved significantly ( < 0.05) with higher amylase levels. There was no significant variation ( > 0.05) in the whole-body proximate composition of fish fed with different levels of starch and exogenous amylase supplementation. Amylase activity increased with higher dietary amylase levels; however, there were no significant differences in protease and lipase enzyme activity. Fish in the A treatment group had significantly higher ( < 0.05) hexokinase activity, which was significantly affected by exogenous amylase levels. AST and ALT activities in the serum were decreased ( < 0.05) at 0.1% amylase inclusion in the diet. From the present study, it is concluded that supplementation with exogenous alpha amylase has the potential to enhance starch utilization in . In particular, 0.1% amylase with 20% starch can significantly improve growth and nutrient utilization in juveniles without adverse effects.
进行了为期70天的饲养试验，以研究添加外源α-淀粉酶和不同淀粉水平对幼鱼生长性能、鱼体常规成分、表观养分消化率以及消化和代谢酶活性的影响。配制了9种半纯化等氮（42%）和等脂（7%）的饲料，包含三种不同水平的淀粉（10%、20%和30%）和淀粉酶（0%、0.05%、0.1%），分别标记为CA、CA、CA、CA、CA、CA、CA、CA和CA（C-淀粉，A-淀粉酶）。按照3×3析因设计，将总共405尾平均体重（14.31±0.1克）的幼鱼随机分配到27个容量为150升的玻璃钢水箱中，每个水箱15尾鱼，每个处理设置三个重复，并保证适当曝气。日粮淀粉和淀粉酶添加量及其交互作用对终末体重、增重率（WG%）、特定生长率（SGR）、饲料转化率（FCR）和蛋白质效率比（PER）均有显著影响（P<0.05）。养分消化率结果显示，随着淀粉酶水平的提高，干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和碳水化合物的表观消化系数显著提高（P<0.05）。不同淀粉水平和添加外源淀粉酶的饲料喂养的鱼，其鱼体常规成分没有显著差异（P>0.05）。淀粉酶活性随着日粮淀粉酶水平的提高而增加；然而，蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性没有显著差异。A处理组的鱼己糖激酶活性显著更高（P<0.05），且受外源淀粉酶水平的显著影响。日粮中淀粉酶添加量为0.1%时，血清中的AST和ALT活性降低（P<0.05）。从本研究可以得出结论，添加外源α-淀粉酶有提高[鱼的名称未给出]淀粉利用率的潜力。特别是，20%淀粉与0.1%淀粉酶组合能够显著提高[鱼的名称未给出]幼鱼的生长和养分利用率，且无不良影响。
