Lu Jhih-Yi, Liu Yin-Cheng, Lu Jui-Bang, Tsai Ming-Han, Liao Wen-Ling, Wang I-Ming, Lin Hui-Ju, Huang Yu-Te
Eye Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan.
Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407102, Taiwan.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Sep 20;15(18):2402. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15182402.
: To develop a new Virtual Reality (VR) system software for measuring ocular deviation in strabismus patients. : This prospective study included subjects with basic-type exotropia (XT) and non-refractive accommodative esotropia (ET). Ocular deviation was measured using the alternate prism cover test (APCT) and two VR-based methods: target offset (TO) and a newly developed camera rotation (CR) method. : A total of 28 subjects were recruited (5 cases were excluded for preliminary testing and 5 for not meeting inclusion criteria). Among the 18 included patients, 10 (66.7%) had XT and 5 (33.3%) had ET. The median age was 21.5 years (IQR 17 to 25). The mean age was 22.3 years (range: 9-46), with 5 (27.8%) having manifest strabismus and 12 (61.1%) measured while wearing glasses. VR-based methods (TO and CR) showed comparable results to APCT for deviation angle measurements ( = 0.604). Subgroup analysis showed no significant differences in ET patients (all > 0.05). In XT patients, both TO and CR underestimated deviation angles compared to APCT ( = 0.008 and = 0.001, respectively), but no significant difference was observed between the two methods ( = 0.811). Linear regression showed CR had a stronger correlation with APCT than TO (R = 0.934 vs. 0.874). : This newly developed VR system software, incorporating the CR method, provides a reliable approach for measuring ocular deviation. By shifting the entire visual scene rather than just the target, it lays a strong foundation for immersive diagnostic and therapeutic VR applications.
: 开发一种用于测量斜视患者眼位偏斜的新型虚拟现实（VR）系统软件。: 这项前瞻性研究纳入了基本型外斜视（XT）和非屈光性调节性内斜视（ET）患者。使用交替棱镜遮盖试验（APCT）以及两种基于VR的方法：目标偏移（TO）和新开发的相机旋转（CR）方法来测量眼位偏斜。: 共招募了28名受试者（5例因初步测试被排除，5例因不符合纳入标准被排除）。在纳入的18例患者中，10例（66.7%）为XT，5例（33.3%）为ET。年龄中位数为21.5岁（四分位间距17至25岁）。平均年龄为22.3岁（范围：9 - 46岁），其中5例（27.8%）有明显斜视，12例（61.1%）在戴眼镜时进行测量。基于VR的方法（TO和CR）在测量偏斜角度方面与APCT结果相当（ = 0.604）。亚组分析显示ET患者无显著差异（均 > 0.05）。在XT患者中，与APCT相比，TO和CR均低估了偏斜角度（分别为 = 0.008和 = 0.001），但两种方法之间未观察到显著差异（ = 0.811）。线性回归显示CR与APCT的相关性比TO更强（R = 0.934对0.874）。: 这种新开发的结合CR方法的VR系统软件为测量眼位偏斜提供了一种可靠的方法。通过移动整个视觉场景而非仅仅是目标，为沉浸式诊断和治疗VR应用奠定了坚实基础。
