Tavares Carolina Santos Souza, Marques Raquel Souza, Ferreira Janiele de Sá, de Oliveira Marcela Barros Barbosa, Reis Monique Carla da Silva, Martins-Filho Paulo Ricardo
Investigative Pathology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju 49060-100, SE, Brazil.
Department of Occupational Therapy, Alagoas State University of Health Sciences, Maceio 57010-382, AL, Brazil.
Viruses. 2025 Sep 14;17(9):1239. doi: 10.3390/v17091239.
Children with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome (CZVS) experience severe neurological and nutritional impairments. Although immediate clinical consequences are well-documented, long-term anthropometric and nutritional outcomes remain poorly understood. This study assessed longitudinal anthropometric and nutritional outcomes in children affected by CZVS. A cohort of 38 children aged ≥ 5 years diagnosed with CZVS was followed at a reference center in Northeast Brazil. Anthropometric measures (weight, height, BMI, head circumference) were collected using standardized methods, including digital scales and anthropometric tape measures. Growth was analyzed using WHO Anthro and WHO Anthro Plus software (version 3.2.2). Dietary intake was evaluated through two 24 h recalls and analyzed with NutWIN 2.5 software. Nutritional status was classified using WHO growth standards, and associations between dietary intake and BMI were statistically examined. Children showed significant linear growth improvement ( = 0.007) without corresponding weight gain, leading to worsening BMI classifications ( = 0.017). Dietary evaluations revealed limited dietary diversity, frequent intake of ultra-processed foods, inadequate fruit consumption, and widespread insufficiencies in caloric and micronutrient intake (zinc, calcium, iron, vitamin D). Low carbohydrate intake was significantly associated with inadequate BMI ( = 0.030). Multidisciplinary nutritional interventions addressing medical, dietary, educational, and socioeconomic factors are essential for improving health outcomes in children with CZVS.
患有先天性寨卡病毒综合征（CZVS）的儿童会出现严重的神经和营养障碍。尽管即时的临床后果已有充分记录，但长期的人体测量和营养结果仍知之甚少。本研究评估了受CZVS影响儿童的纵向人体测量和营养结果。在巴西东北部的一个参考中心对38名年龄≥5岁、被诊断患有CZVS的儿童进行了随访。使用标准化方法收集人体测量指标（体重、身高、体重指数、头围），包括数字秤和人体测量卷尺。使用WHO Anthro和WHO Anthro Plus软件（版本3.2.2）分析生长情况。通过两次24小时饮食回顾评估饮食摄入量，并使用NutWIN 2.5软件进行分析。根据世界卫生组织生长标准对营养状况进行分类，并对饮食摄入量与体重指数之间的关联进行统计学检验。儿童的线性生长有显著改善（P = 0.007），但体重没有相应增加，导致体重指数分类恶化（P = 0.017）。饮食评估显示饮食多样性有限，经常摄入超加工食品，水果摄入量不足，热量和微量营养素（锌、钙、铁、维生素D）摄入普遍不足。低碳水化合物摄入与体重指数不足显著相关（P = 0.030）。针对医疗、饮食、教育和社会经济因素的多学科营养干预对于改善CZVS儿童的健康结果至关重要。
