The Relationship Between Thyroid Function Status and Serum Uric Acid Levels Based on a Restricted Cubic Spline Model: A Cross-Sectional Study.

PURPOSE

To date, no comprehensive studies have examined the relationship between various thyroid function statuses and thyroid hormone levels with uric acid levels. This study aims to analyze the correlation between thyroid disease and hyperuricemia.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Data from individuals undergoing health screenings in the Taiyuan area were collected. The data were categorized by thyroid disease type, thyroid function indices (FT4, FT3, and TSH), and serum uric acid (SUA) levels, followed by statistical analysis.

RESULTS

The analysis indicated that the prevalence rates were as follows: clinical hyperthyroidism (CHyper) at 0.9%, subclinical hyperthyroidism (SCHyper) at 0.7%, clinical hypothyroidism (CHypo) at 0.8%, subclinical hypothyroidism (SCHypo) at 13.7%, and hyperuricemia at 16.9%. Further analysis revealed that the prevalence of hyperuricemia increased with higher FT4 and FT3 levels but decreased with lower TSH levels. However, logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for covariates, thyroid disease status, including CHyper, SCHyper, CHypo, and SCHypo, was not significantly correlated with hyperuricemia. Among the thyroid function indices, only FT4 had a statistically significant effect on the risk of hyperuricemia (OR 1.028, 95% CI 1.011-1.045). Additionally, the restricted cubic spline (RCS) was employed to assess the dose-response relationship between thyroid function indicators (FT4, FT3, and TSH) within the normal reference range and the risk of hyperuricemia. The FT4 level exhibited a positive relationship with the risk of hyperuricemia (nonlinear test χ was 0.26, ). When FT4 exceeded 16.85 pmol/L, higher levels of FT4 became a risk factor for hyperuricemia.

CONCLUSION

Thyroid disease status does not significantly affect hyperuricemia. However, within the normal range, the FT4 level demonstrates a positive dose-response relationship with the risk of hyperuricemia.