Kim Jaeryung, Han Kyungdo, Jung Jin-Hyung, Oh Sei Yeul, Park Kyung-Ah, Min Ju-Hong
Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2025 Oct 3;15(1):34589. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-18088-6.
The association between allergic diseases and optic neuritis (ON) remains insufficiently characterized. This nationwide cohort study investigated the relationship between major allergic diseases (atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinitis) and the risk of ON development. We performed a population-based cohort study utilizing data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. The study included 4,052,827 individuals aged 20 years or older who participated in health screenings in 2009. All participants were monitored until December 2018 or until ON diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for ON, adjusting for relevant confounders. Over a median follow-up duration of 8.2 years, 3,640 individuals (0.09%) were diagnosed with ON. After adjusting for confounders, individuals with allergic diseases exhibited a statistically significant increased ON risk compared to those without allergic diseases (adjusted HR 1.317, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.216-1.426, p < 0.0001). Among the specific allergic diseases, allergic rhinitis showed the highest association (adjusted HR 1.335, 95% CI 1.229-1.450, p < 0.0001), whereas asthma and atopic dermatitis did not demonstrate statistically significant associations after adjustment. These results highlight potential common pathogenic mechanisms and underscore the importance of future studies to clarify the biological pathways connecting allergic diseases and ON.
过敏性疾病与视神经炎（ON）之间的关联尚未得到充分描述。这项全国性队列研究调查了主要过敏性疾病（特应性皮炎、哮喘和过敏性鼻炎）与ON发生风险之间的关系。我们利用韩国国民健康保险服务数据库的数据进行了一项基于人群的队列研究。该研究纳入了2009年参加健康筛查的4,052,827名20岁及以上的个体。所有参与者均被随访至2018年12月或直至诊断出ON。应用Cox比例风险模型估计ON的风险比（HRs），并对相关混杂因素进行调整。在中位随访期8.2年期间，3640名个体（0.09%）被诊断为ON。在对混杂因素进行调整后，与无过敏性疾病的个体相比，患有过敏性疾病的个体ON风险在统计学上显著增加（调整后HR 1.317，95%置信区间[CI] 1.216 - 1.426，p < 0.0001）。在特定的过敏性疾病中，过敏性鼻炎的关联最为显著（调整后HR 1.335，95% CI 1.229 - 1.450，p < 0.0001），而哮喘和特应性皮炎在调整后未显示出统计学上的显著关联。这些结果突出了潜在的共同致病机制，并强调了未来研究阐明连接过敏性疾病和ON的生物学途径的重要性。
