Austin B, Allen D A, Mills A L, Colwell R R
Can J Microbiol. 1977 Oct;23(10):1433-47. doi: 10.1139/m77-212.
A total of 230 strains of metal-tolerant bacteria from water and sediment samples collected in Chesapeake Bay were isolated on a medium containing cobalt, lead, mercury, or molybdenum. In addition, a set of 71 cultures were simultaneously isolated on glucose tryptone yeast extract agar medium without metals. Twenty-three reference strains were also included in the numerical taxonomy study of these bacteria, bringing the grand total of strains examined to 324. All strains were examined for 112 biochemical, cultural, morphological, and physiological characters. The taxonomic data obtained were analyzed by computer and the simple matching (SSM) and Jaccard (SJ) coefficients were calculated. Clustering achieved by unweighted average linkage is presented and, from sorted similarity matrices and dendrograms, 294 strains, i.e., 97% of the total, were recovered in 12 phenetic groups defined at the 75 to 80% similarity level. Among the strains there were nine phena presumptively identified as Bacillus, Erwinia, Mycobacterium, Pseudomonas, and coryneforms. From the results of the taxonomic study, it is concluded that metal tolerance in estuarine water and sediment bacteria occurs among a restricted range of taxa distributed throughout the estuarine environment.
从切萨皮克湾采集的水和沉积物样本中，在含有钴、铅、汞或钼的培养基上共分离出230株耐金属细菌。此外，还在不含金属的葡萄糖胰蛋白胨酵母提取物琼脂培养基上同时分离出一组71种培养物。在这些细菌的数值分类研究中还包括23株参考菌株，使检测的菌株总数达到324株。对所有菌株进行了112项生化、培养、形态和生理特征检测。通过计算机分析获得的分类数据，并计算了简单匹配（SSM）系数和杰卡德（SJ）系数。给出了通过非加权平均连锁法实现的聚类结果，从排序后的相似性矩阵和树状图中可以看出，在75%至80%相似性水平定义的12个表型组中，共回收了294株菌株，即总数的97%。在这些菌株中有9个表型被初步鉴定为芽孢杆菌属、欧文氏菌属、分枝杆菌属、假单胞菌属和棒状杆菌属。从分类研究结果可以得出结论，河口水体和沉积物细菌中的耐金属性存在于分布在整个河口环境中的有限分类群中。
