Blake J, Browne M
Doc Ophthalmol. 1977 Sep 30;44(1):23-33. doi: 10.1007/BF00171452.
Idoxuridine which was first used in 1960 (Kaufman et al., 1962), has been for many years the only antiviral agent available in the treatment of herpetic keratitis. It is however no more successful than is mechanical removal of diseased epithelium (Patterson & Jones, 1967), and furthermore it may give rise to serious toxic side effects. The search for an alternative medication is therefore a pressing one. Trifluorothymidine (F3T) has, in recent years, been shown to be more effective than IDU and to be free from significant toxicity. Both of these drugs are pyrimidine nucleosides. Adenine Arabinoside or Arabinoside-A (Ara-A) is, by contrast, a purine nucleoside. It is thought to exert its antiviral effect by blocking DNA polymerase and ribonucleotide reductase.
碘苷于1960年首次使用（考夫曼等人，1962年），多年来一直是治疗疱疹性角膜炎的唯一可用抗病毒药物。然而，它并不比机械去除病变上皮更有效（帕特森和琼斯，1967年），而且它可能会引起严重的毒性副作用。因此，寻找替代药物是一项紧迫的任务。近年来，三氟胸苷（F3T）已被证明比碘苷更有效且无明显毒性。这两种药物都是嘧啶核苷。相比之下，阿糖腺苷或阿糖腺苷-A（Ara-A）是一种嘌呤核苷。它被认为通过阻断DNA聚合酶和核糖核苷酸还原酶来发挥其抗病毒作用。
