Gardner J, Bailey G, Chard T
Biochem J. 1974 Mar;137(3):469-76. doi: 10.1042/bj1370469.
A detailed comparative assessment was made of the use of solid-phase-coupled antibodies in radioimmunoassay, by using an assay for human placental lactogen as a model system. The major advantages of the solid-phase technique are: (1) in common with the use of a second antibody, it is universally applicable; (2) separation can be carried out rapidly; (3) in contrast with some other techniques, the separation of antibody-bound and free antigen is virtually complete. The disadvantages when compared with other procedures are: (1) a considerable proportion of the antibody may be lost during the initial coupling reaction; (2) the tubes must be continuously mixed during incubation, and much effort is expended in removing and replacing the caps; (3) there is a decrease in the apparent affinity constant of the antibody after coupling, which is reflected in a lower sensitivity of the assay system. It is concluded that solid-phase antibodies are of greatest value in those systems in which the supply of antiserum is abundant, and in which the achievement of high sensitivity is not a requirement.
以人胎盘催乳素检测作为模型系统，对放射免疫分析中固相偶联抗体的使用进行了详细的比较评估。固相技术的主要优点是：（1）与使用第二抗体一样，它具有普遍适用性；（2）分离可以快速进行；（3）与其他一些技术相比，抗体结合抗原与游离抗原的分离几乎是完全的。与其他方法相比，其缺点是：（1）在初始偶联反应过程中，相当一部分抗体可能会损失；（2）在孵育过程中，试管必须不断混合，而且在取下和更换管帽时会花费很多精力；（3）偶联后抗体的表观亲和常数会降低，这反映在检测系统的灵敏度较低上。得出的结论是，固相抗体在抗血清供应充足且对高灵敏度没有要求的系统中具有最大价值。
