Terpstra J, Hessel L W, Seepers J, Van Gent C M
Eur J Clin Invest. 1978 Apr;8(2):61-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1978.tb00813.x.
Diurnal levels of serum triglyceride, cholesterol, free fatty acids, glucose, and cortisol were measured in four normal persons on a fixed solid 65% carbohydrate diet under steady state conditions in a metabolic unit. Triglyceride levels in all subjects showed similar patterns, which unexpectedly did not bear a simple relation to meal frequency or distribution. With three equivalent meals per day at 09.00, 12.00 and 17.00 hours, 'fasting' triglyceride levels increased by about 0.3 g/l from a minimum value between 03.00 and 05.00 hours in the morning till before breakfast. After breakfast there was a continued rise till about 15.00 hours and then a overall fall in spite of the meal at 17.00 hours. Isocaloric change to eight equivalent meals, consumed between 09.00 and 23.00 hours, resulted in a similar although slightly more even triglyceride pattern. On eight equivalent meals, spaced evenly over the entire 24 h period, a different pattern was found with lower triglyceride values at daytime than at night. Increase in meal frequency did not result in a lowering of mean diurnal triglyceride levels. The cholesterol pattern followed the triglyceride pattern most clearly in subjects with high triglyceride levels. Glucose showed the expected postprandial increments. Cortisol rhythm did not change on varying meal frequency.
在代谢单元的稳态条件下，对四名正常人采用固定的含65%碳水化合物的固体饮食进行检测，测量其血清甘油三酯、胆固醇、游离脂肪酸、葡萄糖和皮质醇的日间水平。所有受试者的甘油三酯水平呈现出相似的模式，出乎意料的是，这与进餐频率或分布并无简单的关联。每天在09:00、12:00和17:00进食三餐等量食物时，“空腹”甘油三酯水平从凌晨03:00至05:00的最低值开始，到早餐前增加约0.3g/L。早餐后持续上升至约15:00，然后尽管17:00还有一餐，但总体仍呈下降趋势。改为在09:00至23:00之间进食八餐等量食物的等热量饮食后，甘油三酯模式相似，但更为平缓。在24小时内均匀分布八餐等量食物时，发现了不同的模式，白天的甘油三酯值低于夜间。进餐频率的增加并未导致日间平均甘油三酯水平降低。在甘油三酯水平较高的受试者中，胆固醇模式与甘油三酯模式最为明显地一致。葡萄糖呈现出预期的餐后增量。进餐频率改变时，皮质醇节律并未改变。
