Prentø P
Cell Tissue Res. 1979 Jan 30;196(1):123-34. doi: 10.1007/BF00236353.
The chloragog cells of the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris contain numerous granules, chloragogomes, which were analyzed for metals and phosphate by histochemistry, by use of an electron microscope X-ray microprobe (EMMA) and by chemical analysis of chloragosome preparations. Inorganic and organic phosphate each accounts for about 3% of the chloragosome dry mass, Ca for 2--3%, Zn for 1--3% and Mg for 0.2--0.4%. Carbonate is not present in chloragosomes. The average molar ratios Ca:Mg:Zn:total PO4 are 1:0.1:0.3:1. The Ca:PO4 ratio is fairly constant (correlation coefficient 0.99), while the Zn:PO4 ratio varies considerably. It is concluded that Ca is bound in the form of inorganic CaHPO4 and organic R-OPO3Ca (or possibly Ca-polyphosphate complexes). Mg may also be phosphate-bound, while Zn probably is not. Chemical analysis of the calciferous glands revealed a high concentration of Ca, small amounts of Mg and phosphate, but no Zn. It is concluded that Zn is not excreted through the calciferous gland. Storage of Ca in the chloragocytes and excretion of CaCO3 by the calciferous gland may be physiologically linked. Regulation of the concentrations of Ca and HCO3- ions in the blood and coelomic fluid may assist in equalization of osmotic pressures during dehydration and rehydration. This regulation may be a major function of the chloragosomes. The chloragosomes were discussed in relation to the "spherites" of various arthropods and molluscs and to the "cytosomes" of anoxia-tolerating molluscs.
蚯蚓（陆正蚓）的黄色细胞含有大量颗粒，即黄色球，通过组织化学、电子显微镜X射线微探针（EMMA）以及对黄色球制剂的化学分析，对其进行了金属和磷酸盐分析。无机磷酸盐和有机磷酸盐各占黄色球干质量的约3%，钙占2%-3%，锌占1%-3%，镁占0.2%-0.4%。黄色球中不存在碳酸盐。钙：镁：锌：总磷酸根的平均摩尔比为1:0.1:0.3:1。钙：磷酸根的比例相当恒定（相关系数为0.99），而锌：磷酸根的比例变化很大。得出的结论是，钙以无机磷酸氢钙和有机R-OPO3Ca（或可能是钙多磷酸盐复合物）的形式结合。镁也可能与磷酸盐结合，而锌可能不是。对含钙腺体的化学分析显示钙浓度很高，有少量镁和磷酸盐，但没有锌。得出的结论是，锌不是通过含钙腺体排泄的。钙在黄色细胞中的储存和含钙腺体对碳酸钙的排泄可能在生理上是相关联的。血液和体腔液中钙和碳酸氢根离子浓度的调节可能有助于在脱水和再水化过程中使渗透压平衡。这种调节可能是黄色球的主要功能。文中讨论了黄色球与各种节肢动物和软体动物的“球粒”以及耐缺氧软体动物的“细胞质体”的关系。
