le Lorier J, Larochelle P, Bolduc P, Clermont R, Gratton J, Knight L, Letendre J F, Nadeau P
Int J Clin Pharmacol Biopharm. 1979 Feb;17(2):53-5.
Plasma lidocaine concentrations were intermittently measured in 8 upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and 12 bronchoscopy patients. The highest individual concentration was 0.98 microgram/ml in the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy patients and 3.79 microgram/ml in the bronchoscopy patients. Highest concentrations were reached at 15 minutes in the gastrointestinal endoscopy patients and at 30 or 60 minutes in the bronchoscopy patients. Thus, since lidocaine does not produce toxic effects at concentrations inferior to 6 microgram/ml, doses of this topical anaesthetic up to 16 mg/kg can be safely given during endoscopic procedures to patients with normal hepatic and cardiovascular functions. However, patients with liver metastases should be considered at high risk even if their liver function tests are normal. Patients at high risk of developing lidocaine toxicity should receive lower doses and be closely watched for at least 60 minutes after the end of the procedure.
对8例上消化道内镜检查患者和12例支气管镜检查患者间断测量血浆利多卡因浓度。上消化道内镜检查患者的最高个体浓度为0.98微克/毫升，支气管镜检查患者为3.79微克/毫升。上消化道内镜检查患者在15分钟时达到最高浓度，支气管镜检查患者在30或60分钟时达到最高浓度。因此，由于利多卡因在浓度低于6微克/毫升时不会产生毒性作用，对于肝和心血管功能正常的患者，在内镜检查过程中可安全给予高达16毫克/千克的这种局部麻醉剂剂量。然而，即使肝功能检查正常，有肝转移的患者也应被视为高危患者。有发生利多卡因毒性高风险的患者应接受较低剂量，并在操作结束后密切观察至少60分钟。
