Schleifer K H, Kandler O
J Bacteriol. 1970 Aug;103(2):387-92. doi: 10.1128/jb.103.2.387-392.1970.
The amino acid composition and amino acid sequence of the murein (peptidoglycan) of 10 strains of planococci were studied. It is shown that the peptide subunit consists of muramyl-l-alanyl-gamma-d-glutamyl-l-lysyl-d -alanine. The cross-linking of two adjacent peptide subunits is mediated by d-glutamic acid which is bound to the epsilon-amino group of lysine by its gamma-carboxyl group and to the carboxyl group of d-alanine of an adjacent peptide subunit by its amino group. About 20 to 25% of the peptide subunits are not cross-linked. The murein structure of the different species and strains of Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, and Sarcina are compared. It is evident that the murein structure is a very good criterion for grouping the micrococci. In addition, some of these groups are fairly well defined by physiological properties as well as by their guanine + cytosine content of the deoxyribonucleic acid e.g., Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Planococcus, Sarcina ureae. Other groups, represented by a single or a few strains only, such as M. varians NTCC 7281, M. radiodurans, M. freudenreichii ATCC 407, and M. luteus ATCC 398, need further investigation.
对10株动性球菌的胞壁质（肽聚糖）的氨基酸组成和氨基酸序列进行了研究。结果表明，肽亚基由胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-γ-D-谷氨酰-L-赖氨酰-D-丙氨酸组成。两个相邻肽亚基的交联由D-谷氨酸介导，它通过其γ-羧基与赖氨酸的ε-氨基结合，并通过其氨基与相邻肽亚基的D-丙氨酸的羧基结合。约20%至25%的肽亚基未交联。比较了微球菌属、葡萄球菌属和八叠球菌属不同种和菌株的胞壁质结构。显然，胞壁质结构是对微球菌进行分类的一个很好的标准。此外，其中一些类群通过生理特性以及它们脱氧核糖核酸的鸟嘌呤+胞嘧啶含量也能得到相当明确的界定，例如微球菌属、葡萄球菌属、动性球菌属、尿素八叠球菌。其他类群仅由单个或少数菌株代表，如变异微球菌NTCC 7281、耐辐射微球菌、弗氏微球菌ATCC 407和藤黄微球菌ATCC 398，需要进一步研究。
