Hodgkinson A
Urol Int. 1979;34(1):26-35. doi: 10.1159/000280246.
The composition of 142 calculi from Sudan, Thailand, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia has been determined by qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis. Calcium oxalate was the commonest constituent of both kidney and bladder stones, followed by magnesium ammonium phosphate, ammonium acid urate, calcium phosphate, uric acid and cystine in that order. Calcium oxalate was also the main constituent of the nucleus of most kidney and bladder stones, calcium phosphate, magnesium ammonium phosphate, and ammonium acid urate occurring most frequently in the outer layers of the stones. Most endemic bladder stones appear to originate as aggregates of calcium oxalate crystals in the kidney, which subsequently descend to the bladder, where they may acquire secondary deposits of calcium phosphate, magnesium ammonium phosphate or ammonium acid urate.
通过定性和定量化学分析，已确定了来自苏丹、泰国、印度尼西亚和沙特阿拉伯的142颗结石的成分。草酸钙是肾结石和膀胱结石最常见的成分，其次依次为磷酸镁铵、尿酸酸式铵、磷酸钙、尿酸和胱氨酸。草酸钙也是大多数肾结石和膀胱结石核心的主要成分，磷酸钙、磷酸镁铵和尿酸酸式铵最常出现在结石的外层。大多数地方性膀胱结石似乎起源于肾脏中草酸钙晶体的聚集体，这些晶体随后落入膀胱，在那里它们可能会获得磷酸钙、磷酸镁铵或尿酸酸式铵的继发性沉积物。
