Klein D C, Weller J L, Moore R Y
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Dec;68(12):3107-10. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.12.3107.
There is a diurnal rhythm in the activity of serotonin N-acetyltransferase in the rat pineal gland. In the normal rat, the nocturnal enzyme activities are 15-to 30-fold greater than are daytime activities. This rhythm is abolished by decentralization or removal of the superior cervical ganglia, procedures that interrupt the only source of central neural input to the pineal gland. This effect of superior cervical sympathectomy on the N-acetyltransferase rhythm cannot be attributed to changes occurring in the denervated pineal parenchymal cells. When chronically denervated glands are placed in organ culture with norepinephrine, the neurotransmitter normally located in sympathetic terminals in the gland, N-acetyltransferase activity increases 10- to 20-fold. These data indicate that superior cervical sympathectomy abolishes the N-acetyltransferase rhythm by elimination of the input of central signals to the gland. These signals appear to regulate the N-acetyltransferase rhythm in the normal rat by regulation of the release of norepinephrine from the sympathetic terminals within the pineal gland.
大鼠松果体中血清素N - 乙酰基转移酶的活性存在昼夜节律。在正常大鼠中，夜间的酶活性比白天的活性高15至30倍。这种节律会因去神经支配或切除颈上神经节而消失，这些操作会中断松果体唯一的中枢神经输入源。颈上神经节切除术对N - 乙酰基转移酶节律的这种影响不能归因于失神经支配的松果体实质细胞中发生的变化。当长期失神经支配的腺体与去甲肾上腺素一起置于器官培养中时（去甲肾上腺素是该腺体中通常位于交感神经末梢的神经递质），N - 乙酰基转移酶活性会增加10至20倍。这些数据表明，颈上神经节切除术通过消除中枢信号向腺体的输入而消除了N - 乙酰基转移酶节律。在正常大鼠中，这些信号似乎通过调节松果体内交感神经末梢去甲肾上腺素的释放来调节N - 乙酰基转移酶节律。
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