Prout B J, Metreweli C
Br Med J. 1972 Nov 4;4(5835):269-71. doi: 10.1136/bmj.4.5835.269.
Pulmonary aspiration occurred in 16 out of 65 patients (24.6%) undergoing fibre-endoscopic examinations of the upper gastrointestinal tract under intravenous sedation, but it was rarely followed by serious complications. Aspiration was found to occur under sedation with diazepam alone, diazepam with atropine, and with chlormethiazole. The most important factors contributing to aspiration are the local pharyngeal anaesthesia and the mechanical interference of the fibrescope with laryngeal closure and swallowing. The patient is also at risk of aspiration after completion of the procedure and should remain recumbent until the local anaesthesia has worn off.
在65例接受静脉镇静下上消化道纤维内镜检查的患者中，有16例（24.6%）发生了肺误吸，但很少继发严重并发症。发现单独使用地西泮、地西泮与阿托品以及与氯美噻唑联合镇静时均会发生误吸。导致误吸的最重要因素是局部咽部麻醉以及纤维内镜对喉关闭和吞咽的机械干扰。患者在检查结束后也有发生误吸的风险，应保持卧位直到局部麻醉消退。
