Membrane lipids of Mycoplasma hominis.

Essentially all of the lipids of Mycoplasma hominis (200 mug/mg of cell protein) were found to be located in the cell membrane. Over one-half were neutral lipids incorporated from the growth medium and consisting of 43% free cholesterol, 19% esterified cholesterol, 23% triglycerides, 10% free fatty acids, and small amounts of di- and monoglycerides. The polar lipids accounting for about 40% of the total were synthesized by the organisms. Phosphatidylglycerol was the predominant lipid of this fraction. The minor components, tentatively identified as lysophosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidic acid, seem to represent breakdown products of phosphatidylglycerol. No glycolipids were detected. Being unable to synthesize long-chain fatty acids, M. hominis utilized the fatty acids of the growth medium for polar lipid synthesis, preferentially the saturated ones, so that the polar lipids had highly saturated hydrocarbon chains. It is proposed that the large take up of unsaturated neutral lipids and cholesterol from the medium offsets the marked condensing effect of the saturated polar lipids, although electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometry of spin-labeled fatty acids incorporated into the M. hominis membrane indicated that the lipid region is still more rigid than that of the Acholeplasma laidlawii membrane.