Lazareno S
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1979 Nov;66(2):133-42. doi: 10.1007/BF00427620.
Rats were trained to press a lever for food on a schedule in which components of variable interval reinforcement (V12') alternated with conflict components in which every response resulted in food delivery and footshock. Low doses of d-amphetamine selectively suppressed responding in the conflict component in a dose-dependent manner, whereas prefeeding suppressed responding in both components. Pretreatment with noradrenergic blocking agents (propranolol, phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine) did not diminish the suppressant effect of d-amphetamine, but this effect was reduced by pretreatment with alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine methylester and dopamine blockers (spiroperidol, haloperidol and clozapine) indicating that d-amphetamine was exerting its selective suppressant effect via the release of dopamine. It is suggested that the effects of low doses d-amphetamine on behaviour in conflict situations may provide a useful model for investigating the mode of action of neuroleptic drugs.
大鼠被训练按照一种程序按压杠杆获取食物，在该程序中，可变间隔强化（V12'）成分与冲突成分交替出现，在冲突成分中，每次反应都会导致食物递送和足部电击。低剂量的右旋苯丙胺以剂量依赖的方式选择性抑制冲突成分中的反应，而预先喂食则抑制两个成分中的反应。用去甲肾上腺素能阻断剂（普萘洛尔、酚妥拉明和酚苄明）预处理不会减弱右旋苯丙胺的抑制作用，但用α-甲基对酪氨酸甲酯和多巴胺阻断剂（螺哌啶醇、氟哌啶醇和氯氮平）预处理可降低这种作用，表明右旋苯丙胺通过释放多巴胺发挥其选择性抑制作用。有人提出，低剂量右旋苯丙胺对冲突情境中行为的影响可能为研究抗精神病药物的作用模式提供一个有用的模型。
