甲氧苄啶和磺胺甲恶唑在预防和治疗卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎中的疗效。
Efficacy of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in the prevention and treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis.
作者信息
Hughes W T, McNabb P C, Makres T D, Feldman S
出版信息
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1974 Mar;5(3):289-93. doi: 10.1128/AAC.5.3.289.
Abstract
A combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole was effective in the prevention and treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in cortisonetreated rats. Although all of 15 untreated rats died with P. carinii pneumonitis, none of 15 given trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylactically acquired the infection. After P. carinii pneumonitis was established, 9 of 14 rats recovered after treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with only 2 of 14 treated with pentamidine isethionate. Rifampin and clindamycin, separately or in combination with pentamidine, were ineffective in the prevention and treatment of P. carinii infection.
摘要
甲氧苄啶与磺胺甲恶唑联合使用对预防和治疗接受皮质激素治疗大鼠的卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎有效。虽然15只未治疗的大鼠均死于卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎，但15只接受甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺甲恶唑预防性给药的大鼠均未感染。在卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎形成后，14只接受甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺甲恶唑治疗的大鼠中有9只康复，而14只接受乙磺半胱氨酸戊烷脒治疗的大鼠中只有2只康复。单独使用利福平或克林霉素，或与戊烷脒联合使用，对预防和治疗卡氏肺孢子虫感染均无效。
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