Olson D H, Sprenkle D H, Russell C S
Fam Process. 1979 Mar;18(1):3-28. doi: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.1979.00003.x.
The conceptual clustering of numerous concepts from family therapy and other social science fields reveals two significant dimensions of family behavior, cohesion and adaptability. These two dimensions are placed into a circumplex model that is used to identify 16 types of marital and family systems. The model proposes that a balanced level of both cohesion and adaptability is the most functional to marital and family development. It postulates the need for a balance on the cohesion dimension between too much closeness (which leads to enmeshed systems) and too little closeness (which leads to disengaged systems). There also needs to be a balance on the adaptability dimension between too much change (which leads to chaotic systems) and too little change (which leads to rigid systems). The model was developed as a tool for clinical diagnosis and for specifying treatment goals with couples and families.
凝聚力和适应性。这两个维度被纳入一个环形模型，该模型用于识别16种婚姻和家庭系统类型。该模型提出，凝聚力和适应性的平衡水平对婚姻和家庭发展最为有利。它假定在凝聚力维度上需要在过于亲密（导致纠缠系统）和亲密不足（导致疏离系统）之间取得平衡。在适应性维度上也需要在变化过多（导致混乱系统）和变化过少（导致僵化系统）之间取得平衡。该模型是作为一种临床诊断工具以及用于明确夫妻和家庭的治疗目标而开发的。
