Livermore B P, Johnson R C
J Bacteriol. 1974 Dec;120(3):1268-73. doi: 10.1128/jb.120.3.1268-1273.1974.
The lipid compositions of 17 spirochetes belonging to the genera Spirochaeta and Treponema were investigated and compared with data previously derived from 11 strains of Leptospira. The lipid compositions and lipid metabolism of any of these genera is sufficiently different to be characteristic of that genus and to differentiate it from the other two genera. Members of the genus Leptospira are characterized by their ability to beta-oxidize long chain fatty acids as their major carbon and energy source. With few exceptions, they are incapable of synthesizing fatty acids de novo. The major phospholipid found was phosphatidyl ethanolamine. No glycolipid or phosphatidyl choline was found in these organisms. Members of the genus Treponema studied were incapable of beta-oxidation as well as de novo synthesis of fatty acids. Phosphatidyl choline is the major phospholipid of this genus. The glycolipid, monogalactosyl diglyceride, is a major component of the Treponema. Members of the Spirochaeta did synthesize fatty acids de novo. Although these spirochetes contain a monoglycosyl diglyceride, the hexose content of the glycolipid varied from species to species. Neither phosphatidyl ethanolamine nor phosphatidyl choline was found in the Spirochaeta.
对属于螺旋体属和密螺旋体属的17种螺旋体的脂质组成进行了研究，并与先前从11株钩端螺旋体获得的数据进行了比较。这些属中任何一个的脂质组成和脂质代谢都有足够的差异，足以成为该属的特征并将其与其他两个属相区分。钩端螺旋体属的成员以其将长链脂肪酸β-氧化作为主要碳源和能源的能力为特征。除少数例外，它们不能从头合成脂肪酸。发现的主要磷脂是磷脂酰乙醇胺。在这些生物体中未发现糖脂或磷脂酰胆碱。所研究的密螺旋体属成员既不能进行β-氧化，也不能从头合成脂肪酸。磷脂酰胆碱是该属的主要磷脂。糖脂单半乳糖基甘油二酯是密螺旋体的主要成分。螺旋体属的成员确实能从头合成脂肪酸。虽然这些螺旋体含有单糖基甘油二酯，但糖脂的己糖含量因物种而异。在螺旋体中未发现磷脂酰乙醇胺和磷脂酰胆碱。
