Deavers D R, Musacchia X J
Fed Proc. 1979 Jul;38(8):2177-81.
Studies both in vivo and in vitro implicate glucocorticoids in various aspects of thermogenesis and prevention of heat loss. Many or most of these effects are probably permissive. Adrenalectomized, cold-exposed rats require glucocorticoids for catecholamine-mediated mobilization of free fatty acids, for shivering responses, and for vasoconstriction and piloerection. Glucocorticoid pretreatment of hypothermic hamsters results in a physiological state more similar bioenergetically to hibernation than to hypothermia. For example, such hamsters can arouse to normothermia from a body temperature of 8 C in a 7--8 C cold room. Lipolytic, gluconeogenic, glycogenolic, and pressor actions resulting from several hormone interactions that require glucocorticoids for optimum responses may account for the enhanced thermogenic ability shown by glucocorticoid-pretreated hamsters. Glucocorticoid treatment also results in enhanced blood and liver carbohydrate levels during hypothermia, a condition similar to that occurring in naturally hibernating animals as opposed to the depleted carbohydrate reserves generally seen in hypothermic animals.
体内和体外研究均表明，糖皮质激素在产热和防止热量散失的各个方面都有作用。其中许多或大多数作用可能是允许性的。切除肾上腺并暴露于寒冷环境的大鼠，其儿茶酚胺介导的游离脂肪酸动员、颤抖反应以及血管收缩和竖毛反应都需要糖皮质激素。对体温过低的仓鼠进行糖皮质激素预处理后，其生理状态在生物能量学上更类似于冬眠而非体温过低。例如，这类仓鼠能在7至8摄氏度的寒冷房间中从8摄氏度的体温恢复到正常体温。几种激素相互作用产生的脂解、糖异生、糖原分解和升压作用需要糖皮质激素以实现最佳反应，这可能解释了经糖皮质激素预处理的仓鼠产热能力增强的现象。糖皮质激素治疗还会导致体温过低期间血液和肝脏中的碳水化合物水平升高，这种情况类似于自然冬眠动物中出现的情况，与体温过低动物中通常所见的碳水化合物储备耗尽形成对比。
