Caldwell D R, Arcand C
J Bacteriol. 1974 Oct;120(1):322-33. doi: 10.1128/jb.120.1.322-333.1974.
The inorganic and metal-organic growth requirements of ruminal and nonruminal Bacteroides species were compared. The heme requirement of many nonruminal Bacteroides species was similar to that of Bacteroides ruminicola subsp. ruminicola and was a general tetrapyrrole requirement. Some nonruminal Bacteroides species utilized succinate or alpha-ketoglutarate, as well as tetrapyrrole-containing compounds, in place of heme. Fe(+) as well as heme was required for maximal yields of some Bacteroides species. The divalent cation requirements of Bacteroides species are complex. Mg(2+) deletion from a medium containing Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Co(2+), and Mn(2+) reduced the yields of all isolates. Ca(2+) deletion from the same medium reduced the growth yields of Bacteroides fragilis, B. fundiliformis, and one strain of B. oralis. The effects of Mg(2+) and Ca(2+) on the growth of Bacteroides isolates was influenced by other divalent cations. Relatively large quantities of Na(+) were obligately required by all of the currently recognized predominant rumen Bacteroides species. Nonruminal Bacteroides species either did not require Na(+) or required only small amounts. The Na(+) requirement of some nonruminal Bacteroides species could be partially replaced by Li(+) or Cs(+). The Na(+) requirement of rumen Bacteroides species was absolute. The inorganic and metal-organic growth requirements of Bacteroides species appear useful as aids in species differentiation.
比较了瘤胃和非瘤胃拟杆菌属物种的无机和金属有机生长需求。许多非瘤胃拟杆菌属物种对血红素的需求与瘤胃拟杆菌亚种瘤胃拟杆菌相似，是对一般四吡咯的需求。一些非瘤胃拟杆菌属物种利用琥珀酸或α-酮戊二酸以及含四吡咯的化合物来替代血红素。某些拟杆菌属物种获得最大产量需要Fe(+)以及血红素。拟杆菌属物种对二价阳离子的需求很复杂。从含有Mg(2+)、Ca(2+)、Co(2+)和Mn(2+)的培养基中去除Mg(2+)会降低所有分离株的产量。从相同培养基中去除Ca(2+)会降低脆弱拟杆菌、梭形拟杆菌和一株口腔拟杆菌的生长产量。Mg(2+)和Ca(2+)对拟杆菌分离株生长的影响受其他二价阳离子的影响。目前所有公认的瘤胃主要拟杆菌属物种都绝对需要相对大量的Na(+)。非瘤胃拟杆菌属物种要么不需要Na(+)，要么只需要少量。一些非瘤胃拟杆菌属物种对Na(+)的需求可以部分被Li(+)或Cs(+)替代。瘤胃拟杆菌属物种对Na(+)的需求是绝对的。拟杆菌属物种的无机和金属有机生长需求似乎有助于物种鉴别。
