Durston W E, Ames B N
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Mar;71(3):737-41. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.3.737.
We described previously a simple test on petri plates for detecting many carcinogens as mutagens using an especially sensitive set of bacterial strains to detect mutagens and a rat, or human, liver homogenate for carcinogen activation. We now extend the utility of the method for the detection of mutagenic metabolites in urine. The addition of commercial beta-glucuronidase (EC 3.2.1.31) to the petri plates along with the urine, liver homogenate, and bacteria allows detection of metabolites that are excreted in urine as beta-glucuronide conjugates. By this method mutagenic activity is readily demonstrated with urine of rats that were administered as little as 200 mug (1.6 mg/kg) of the carcinogen, 2-acetylaminofluorene. In this case the major urinary metabolite that we detect appears to be a glucuronide conjugate. We propose that the method be used for the screening of human urines in order to detect mutagenic metabolites of drugs and of dietary components. It may also be useful for testing of urinary metabolites of drugs and food additives in experimental animals.
我们之前描述过一种在培养皿上进行的简单测试，该测试使用一组特别敏感的细菌菌株来检测诱变剂，并使用大鼠或人类肝脏匀浆来激活致癌物，以此检测许多作为诱变剂的致癌物。我们现在扩展了该方法在检测尿液中诱变代谢物方面的用途。在培养皿中加入商业β-葡萄糖醛酸酶（EC 3.2.1.31）以及尿液、肝脏匀浆和细菌，就能够检测以β-葡萄糖醛酸共轭物形式排泄到尿液中的代谢物。通过这种方法，对于仅给予200微克（1.6毫克/千克）致癌物2-乙酰氨基芴的大鼠尿液，很容易证明其诱变活性。在这种情况下，我们检测到的主要尿液代谢物似乎是一种葡萄糖醛酸共轭物。我们建议将该方法用于筛查人类尿液，以检测药物和饮食成分的诱变代谢物。它也可能有助于检测实验动物中药物和食品添加剂的尿液代谢物。
