Thompson C I, Zagon I S, McLaughlin P J
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1979 Apr;10(4):551-6. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(79)90231-4.
Offspring of female rats injected daily with methadone (5 mg/kg) or saline were cross-fostered at birth to form groups exposed to methadone during gestation (G), lactation (L), or gestation and lactation (G-L); controls (C) were exposed only to saline. Rectal temperature, body weight and food consumption were measured from postnatal Days 36-51. Ambient temperature was maintained at 21 degrees C except for Days 42--45, when the temperature was 10 degrees C. Group G rats never differed from controls, but offspring in Groups L and G-L were hypothermic at room temperature; Group G-L rats exhibited a further temperature loss during the cold stress. There were no group differences in food consumption after Day 39, and all groups increased food intake while in the cold. Group differences in body weight were not reliable but Group G-L rats gained less weight than the rest during the experiment, whereas Group L rats gained more. These results indicate that, depending upon treatment schedule, perinatal methadone exposure is associated with hypothermia during the postweaning period. A prolonged withdrawal reaction from methadone may account for the impaired thermal regulation.
每天注射美沙酮（5毫克/千克）或生理盐水的雌性大鼠的后代在出生时进行交叉寄养，以形成在妊娠期（G）、哺乳期（L）或妊娠期和哺乳期（G-L）接触美沙酮的组；对照组（C）仅接触生理盐水。在出生后第36至51天测量直肠温度、体重和食物摄入量。除了第42至45天温度为10摄氏度外，环境温度维持在21摄氏度。G组大鼠与对照组无差异，但L组和G-L组的后代在室温下体温过低；G-L组大鼠在冷应激期间体温进一步下降。第39天后食物摄入量无组间差异，所有组在寒冷环境中食物摄入量均增加。体重的组间差异不可靠，但G-L组大鼠在实验期间体重增加比其他组少，而L组大鼠体重增加更多。这些结果表明，根据治疗方案，围产期接触美沙酮与断奶后体温过低有关。美沙酮的长期戒断反应可能是体温调节受损的原因。
