Kendall W F, Hill R C
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1979 Apr;50(4):338-42.
In-flight canopy loss in high-speed fighter or trainer aircraft poses serious aeromedical problems for the crew-members. To assess these problems in the TF-15, a series of canopy-off tests were conducted. Preliminary phases of the test consisted of a taxi and a flight test up to 485 knots with pilot in the front seat and an instrumented dummy in the back seat. Upon evaluation of these results, a taxi phase and a flight phase were conducted with a pilot in the front seat and a live subject in the back seat. Maximum air-speed attained was 410 knots. The front crewmember experienced no serious control or medical problems during all phases. The back crewmember did experience problems such as loss of communications, loss of vision, helmet lift, high frequency head buffet, and exhalation difficulties. Airspeed, seat height, and body position had the greatest effect on the severity of the windblast. Angle of bank, angle of attack, and acceleration had little effect. The aft crewmember was able to significantly decrease windblast effects by leaning forward and pulling his head and helmet forward and down with his hand.
高速战斗机或教练机在空中飞行时座舱盖脱落会给机组人员带来严重的航空医学问题。为了评估TF - 15中的这些问题，进行了一系列拆除座舱盖的测试。测试的初步阶段包括滑行以及在前排座椅有飞行员、后排座椅有仪器化假人的情况下进行高达485节速度的飞行测试。在对这些结果进行评估后，在前排座椅有飞行员、后排座椅有活体受试者的情况下进行了滑行阶段和飞行阶段测试。达到的最大空速为410节。在前排的机组人员在所有阶段都没有遇到严重的操控或医学问题。后排的机组人员确实遇到了诸如通信中断、视野丧失、头盔被掀起、高频头部冲击以及呼气困难等问题。空速、座椅高度和身体姿势对气流冲击的严重程度影响最大。倾斜角、攻角和加速度影响较小。后排机组人员能够通过向前倾并伸手将头部和头盔向前下方拉来显著降低气流冲击的影响。
