Holzbach R T, Marsh M, Olszewski M, Holan K
J Clin Invest. 1973 Jun;52(6):1467-79. doi: 10.1172/JCI107321.
The development and validation of a direct method for measuring maximum cholesterol solubility in bile is described. Application of this method to five large mammalian species, including man, produced a micellar zone significantly smaller than that previously reported. Further studies on in vitro model solutions patterned after bile confirmed this new micellar zone. Thus, direct evidence demonstrates that the micellar zone boundary derived in vitro from model solutions is applicable to human gallbladder bile. Using the present criteria, normal human bile, in contrast to bile from other mammalian species, is commonly supersaturated with cholesterol. A male-female difference in bile composition is not demonstrable despite the well-established female preponderance of cholelithiasis. Bile from patients with cholesterol cholelithiasis has a micellar zone similar to normals but differs compositionally in that there is a greater excess of cholesterol above saturation. We conclude that cholesterol supersaturation may be a necessary but not solely sufficient cause for gallstone formation.
本文描述了一种直接测量胆汁中最大胆固醇溶解度方法的开发与验证。将该方法应用于包括人类在内的五种大型哺乳动物，得到的胶束区明显小于先前报道的数值。对模仿胆汁的体外模型溶液进行的进一步研究证实了这个新的胶束区。因此，直接证据表明，从模型溶液体外得出的胶束区边界适用于人类胆囊胆汁。根据目前的标准，与其他哺乳动物物种的胆汁相比，正常人类胆汁通常胆固醇过饱和。尽管胆结石在女性中更为常见，但胆汁成分在男女之间并无差异。胆固醇结石患者的胆汁胶束区与正常人相似，但成分不同，即胆固醇超过饱和度的量更多。我们得出结论，胆固醇过饱和可能是胆结石形成的必要但非唯一充分原因。
