Lauterburg B H, Dickson E R, Pineda A A, Carlson G L, Taswell H F
J Lab Clin Med. 1979 Oct;94(4):585-92.
Removal of protein-bound cholephilic substances such as BA by sorbent perfusion might improve the quality of life of patients with severe inoperable cholestasis where the accumulation of BA is thought to be responsible for the often distressing pruritus. Since hemoperfusion is associated with hematological side effects, plasmaperfusion which, in addition, allows the use of novel, possibly more efficient sorbents, might be preferable, provided a substance with a high affinity for these protein-bound anions could be found. A number of sorbents suitable for plasma-perfusion were therefore tested in vitro as to their BA-adsorbing capacity. U.S.P. charcoal coated onto glass beads in order to facilitate perfusion removed BA from human plasma far better than conventional charcoal suitable for hemoperfusion, charged and uncharged resins, and immobilized albumin. The extraction of BA by the coated glass beads exceeded 90% up to a load of 0.18 mumol BA per milliliter of sorbent, and the BA-adsorbing capacity was 20.8 mumol/ml. In addition to BA, the U.S.P. charcoal columns almost quantitatively removed uric acid, creatinine, and corticosteroids and retained substantial amounts of BR and thyroxine, whereas electrolytes, clotting factors, and plasmaproteins were adsorbed only initially.
通过吸附剂灌注去除蛋白质结合的亲胆物质（如胆汁酸）可能会改善严重无法手术的胆汁淤积患者的生活质量，在这类患者中，胆汁酸的积累被认为是导致常常令人苦恼的瘙痒的原因。由于血液灌流会带来血液学副作用，血浆灌流除了允许使用新型且可能更有效的吸附剂外，可能更可取，前提是能找到对这些蛋白质结合阴离子具有高亲和力的物质。因此，对一些适用于血浆灌流的吸附剂进行了体外胆汁酸吸附能力测试。涂覆在美国药典级玻璃珠上的活性炭（为便于灌注）从人血浆中去除胆汁酸的效果远优于适用于血液灌流的传统活性炭、带电和不带电树脂以及固定化白蛋白。涂覆玻璃珠对胆汁酸的提取率在每毫升吸附剂负载0.18微摩尔胆汁酸时高达90%以上，胆汁酸吸附能力为20.8微摩尔/毫升。除了胆汁酸外，美国药典级活性炭柱几乎能定量去除尿酸、肌酐和皮质类固醇，并保留大量胆红素和甲状腺素，而电解质、凝血因子和血浆蛋白仅在最初被吸附。
