Williams J L
J Exp Anal Behav. 1974 May;21(3):421-4. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1974.21-421.
Key pecking of pigeons was reinforced on a variable-interval schedule when ambient illumination came from a green light, but not when it came from a red, yellow, or white light. The different hues were randomly presented for periods of 30 sec each, with the restriction that white never followed red. After discriminative control was established, the pigeons were tested with the same procedure used during training, except that white sometimes followed red. Significantly more responses were made during white-following-red than during white following either green or yellow. These findings indicate that, in changing from red to white, complementary afterimages can be induced in pigeons for a brief period of time. By providing behavioral evidence for afterimages in the pigeon, this technique may be useful to research in comparative neurophysiology, animal discrimination learning, and theories of color vision.
当环境光照来自绿灯时，鸽子的按键行为按可变间隔时间表得到强化，但当光照来自红灯、黄灯或白灯时则不然。不同颜色的光以每次30秒的时长随机呈现，条件是白色光绝不能紧跟在红色光之后。在建立了辨别控制之后，对鸽子进行测试，测试程序与训练期间相同，只是有时白色光紧跟在红色光之后。与白色光紧跟在绿色光或黄色光之后相比，白色光紧跟在红色光之后时鸽子做出的反应明显更多。这些发现表明，从红色光变为白色光时，鸽子会在短时间内产生互补后像。通过为鸽子的后像提供行为证据，这项技术可能对比较神经生理学、动物辨别学习和色觉理论的研究有用。
