Urcuioli P J, Nevin J A
J Exp Anal Behav. 1975 Sep;24(2):149-55. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1975.24-149.
Pigeons were trained on a modified three-key matching-to-sample procedure, in which only one comparison key (rather than two) was lighted after an observing response to the center-key standard. Pecks on keys of matching comparison hues were reinforced. When non-matching hues appeared as the initially lighted comparisons, the nonmatching hue terminated and the matching hue appeared on the other side key only if the pigeon did not peck the nonmatching comparison for 4.8 sec. Pecks to the nonmatching hue reset the 4.8-sec delay interval. Three hues were used during acquisition. During transfer tests, two novel hues were substituted individually or together for one or two of the training hues. Latencies to the novel side-key hue were shortest when a novel matching hue appeared as the standard on the center key, and were essentially identical to baseline matching latencies. In contrast, when a novel hue appeared as either a standard or comparison in a nonmatching combination, latencies increased with increasing separation between the noevel hue and the nonmatching hue. These transfer data demonstrate the concept of hue matching.
鸽子接受了一种改良的三键样本匹配程序训练，在对中央键标准进行观察反应后，只有一个比较键（而非两个）会亮起。对匹配比较色调的键的啄击会得到强化。当不匹配的色调作为最初亮起的比较出现时，如果鸽子在4.8秒内没有啄击不匹配的比较键，不匹配的色调就会终止，匹配的色调会出现在另一侧的键上。对不匹配色调的啄击会重置4.8秒的延迟间隔。在习得过程中使用了三种色调。在转换测试中，两种新的色调被单独或一起替换一种或两种训练色调。当新的匹配色调作为中央键上的标准出现时，对新的侧键色调的反应潜伏期最短，并且与基线匹配潜伏期基本相同。相比之下，当新的色调以不匹配组合作为标准或比较出现时，潜伏期会随着新色调与不匹配色调之间距离的增加而增加。这些转换数据证明了色调匹配的概念。
